Matthew 1
1
The Genealogy of Jesus Christ
1 The book of the genealogy of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham.
2Abraham became the father of Isaac, and Isaac became the father of Jacob, and Jacob became the father of Judah and his brothers, 3and Judah became the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar, and Perez became the father of Hezron, and Hezron became the father of Aram,#Although the Greek text reads “Aram,” many English versions substitute the Old Testament form of the name, “Ram” (cf. 1 Chr 2:9; Ruth 4:19), here and in the following verse 4and Aram became the father of Amminadab, and Amminadab became the father of Nahshon, and Nahshon became the father of Salmon, 5and Salmon became the father of Boaz by Rahab, and Boaz became the father of Obed by Ruth, and Obed became the father of Jesse, 6and Jesse became the father of David the king.
And David became the father of Solomon by the wife#*The word “wife” is not in the Greek text, but is implied idiomatically of Uriah, 7and Solomon became the father of Rehoboam, and Rehoboam became the father of Abijah, and Abijah became the father of Asa,#Greek “Asaph,” alternately spelled “Asa” in many English versions here and in the following verse (cf. 1 Chr 3:10) 8and Asa became the father of Jehoshaphat,#Greek “Josaphat”; alternately spelled “Jehoshaphat” in many English versions and Jehoshaphat became the father of Joram, and Joram became the father of Uzziah, 9and Uzziah became the father of Jotham, and Jotham became the father of Ahaz, and Ahaz became the father of Hezekiah, 10and Hezekiah became the father of Manasseh, and Manasseh became the father of Amon,#The earliest and best Greek manuscripts read “Amos,” but many English versions use the Old Testament form of the name here, “Amon” (cf. 2 Kgs 21:18) and Amon became the father of Josiah, 11and Josiah became the father of Jechoniah and his brothers, at the time of the deportation to Babylon.
12And after the deportation to Babylon, Jechoniah became the father of Shealtiel,#Greek “Salathiel,” but many English versions use the Old Testament form of the name here, “Shealtiel” (cf. Ezra 3:2) and Shealtiel became the father of Zerubbabel, 13and Zerubbabel became the father of Abiud, and Abiud became the father of Eliakim, and Eliakim became the father of Azor, 14and Azor became the father of Zadok, and Zadok became the father of Achim, and Achim became the father of Eliud, 15and Eliud became the father of Eleazar, and Eleazar became the father of Matthan, and Matthan became the father of Jacob, 16and Jacob became the father of Joseph, the husband of Mary by whom#The Greek relative pronoun is feminine gender and thus refers only to Mary, not Joseph was born Jesus, who is called Christ.
17Therefore all the generations from Abraham to David are fourteen generations, and from David to the deportation to Babylon are fourteen generations, and from the deportation to Babylon to the Christ are fourteen generations.
The Birth of Jesus Christ
18Now the birth of Jesus Christ occurred in this way. His mother Mary had been betrothed to Joseph, but before they came together, she was found to be pregnant#Literally “to have in the womb” by the Holy Spirit. 19So Joseph her husband, being righteous and not wanting to disgrace her, intended to divorce her secretly. 20But as#*Here “as” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“considering”) he was considering these things, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream, saying, “Joseph, son of David, do not be afraid to take Mary as your wife, for what has been conceived in her is from the Holy Spirit. 21And she will give birth to a son, and you will call his name ‘Jesus,’ because he will save his people from their sins.” 22Now all this happened in order that what was spoken by the Lord through the prophet would be fulfilled, saying,
23“Behold, the virgin will become pregnant#Literally “will have in the womb” and will give birth to a son,
and they will call his name Emmanuel,”#A quotation from Isa 7:14
which is translated, “God with us.”#An allusion to Isa 8:8, 10 in the Greek OT (LXX) 24And Joseph, when he#*Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“woke up”) which is understood as temporal woke up from sleep, did as the angel of the Lord commanded him, and he took his wife 25and did not have sexual relations with#Literally “did not know” her until she gave birth to a son. And he called his name Jesus.
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Matthew 1
1
From Abraham to Christ
1This is the scroll of the genealogy # 1:1 Or “The book of the origin (genesis) of Jesus Christ.” The Greek text has no definite article (“This is the”) and is most likely to be considered as a caption or title. The Son of God is eternal and had no beginning (John 1:1; 1 John 1:1). The entire book of Matthew presents the beginning of the glorious story of Jesus, God’s Anointed One. The genealogy given by Matthew presents the legal claim of Jesus to be King through the lineage of David from Joseph all the way back to the promises given to Abraham. Some believe Luke’s account gives the genealogy of Jesus from Mary’s lineage through David all the way back to Adam. of Jesus, # 1:1 The Hebrew name for Jesus is Yeshua and means “Yahweh is salvation.” the Anointed One, the son of David and descendant of Abraham.
2Abraham had a son named Isaac, who had a son named Jacob, who had a son named Judah (he and his brothers became the tribes of Israel).
3Judah and Tamar # 1:3 Matthew includes four women in this genealogy: Tamar, Rahab, Ruth, and Bathsheba. had twin sons, Perez and Zerah. Perez had a son named Hezron, who had a son named Ram, 4who had a son named Amminadab, who had a son named Nashon, 5who had a son named Salmon, who, along with Rahab, had a son named Boaz. Boaz and Ruth had a son named Obed, who was the father of Jesse, 6and Jesse had a son named David, who became the king.
7Then David and Bathsheba # 1:7 Or “the wife of Uriah.” had a son named Solomon, who had a son named Rehoboam, who had a son named Abijah, who had a son named Asa, 8who had a son named Jehoshaphat, who had a son named Joram, who had a son named Uzziah, 9who had a son named Jotham, who had a son named Ahaz, who had a son named Hezekiah, 10who had a son named Manasseh, who had a son named Amos, # 1:10 Or “Amon.” who had a son named Josiah, 11who was the father of Jeconiah. # 1:11 In Jer. 22:24–30 God pronounced a curse on Jeconiah’s family line, declaring that they were ineligible to sit on the throne as kings. However, Luke’s genealogy goes through David to Mary via Nathan, not Solomon, thus bypassing the curse of Jeconiah’s lineage. Matthew’s genealogy is meant to establish the legal right of Jesus Christ to be king. So Joseph, as Jesus’ adoptive father, passes the right of David’s throne legally to Jesus and avoids the curse of Jeconiah through Mary’s ancestry. Jesus is the Son of God paternally, and the Son of David maternally through Heli, Mary’s father. See footnote at Luke 3:23–38. From the beginning God said that the coming Savior would be the “seed of the woman.” See Gen. 3:15; Gal. 4:4.
It was during the days of Jeconiah and his brothers that Israel was taken captive and deported to Babylon. 12About the time of their captivity in Babylon, Jeconiah had a son named Shealtiel, who had a son named Zerubbabel, 13who had a son named Abiud, who had a son named Eliakim, 14who had a son named Azor, who had a son named Zadok, who had a son named Achim, who had a son named Eliud, 15who had a son named Eleazar, who had a son named Matthan, who had a son named Jacob, 16who was the father of Joseph, the husband # 1:16 Notice that Joseph is named the husband of Mary, not the father of Jesus. of Mary the mother of Jesus, who is called “the Anointed One.”
17So from Abraham to David were fourteen generations, and from David to the Babylonian captivity, fourteen generations, and from the Babylonian captivity to Christ, fourteen generations. # 1:17 This would make a total of forty-two generations from Abraham to Christ. However, when the names are counted, there are only forty-one. There is a missing generation. What could this mean? Jesus gave birth to the forty-second generation when he died on the cross, for out of his side blood and water flowed. Blood and water come forth at birth. The first Adam “birthed” his wife out of his side, and so Jesus gave birth to his bride from his wounded side. Jesus wants to reproduce himself in us. His last name is not Christ. Christ is the title that explains who he is. He is the Anointed One. “Christ” is also now a corporate body, the body of Christ. We, as the body of Christ, are also anointed ones (Christians). See 1 Cor. 12:12.
An Angel Comes to Joseph
18This is how the birth of Jesus Christ took place.
His mother, Mary, had promised Joseph to be his wife, # 1:18 In the Jewish culture the engagement was a prenuptial contract (ketubah), which was entered into before witnesses, that gave legal rights over the girl to the bridegroom. This agreement could only be nullified by going through the formal divorce process. Since the girl still lived with her family, sexual relations were prohibited until after the second event of the public marriage ceremony. This engagement period was usually entered into when the girl turned thirteen. Mary was just a teenager when she gave birth to Jesus. but while she was still a virgin # 1:18 Or “without them being united (sexually).” she became pregnant through the power # 1:18 Implied in the text. Although it is the genitive of source, not agency, “the power of the Holy Spirit” is supplied for clarity. See Deut. 20:7. of the Holy Spirit. # 1:18 The “Holy Spirit” can also be translated “the Sacred Breath (Spirit-Wind)” or “the Spirit of Holiness.” 19Her fiancé, # 1:19 Or “Her husband.” The Hebrew culture makes no distinction between a fiancé and a husband. The engagement period was a vital part of the marriage custom. See Deut. 22:23–28. Joseph, was a righteous man full of integrity and he didn’t want to disgrace her, but when he learned of her pregnancy he secretly planned to break the engagement. # 1:19 Or “divorce her.” The Jewish custom of breaking off an engagement was tantamount to a divorce. 20While he was still debating with himself about what to do, # 1:20 Or “during his inward passion about these things.” he fell asleep and had a supernatural dream. An angel from the Lord appeared to him and said, “Joseph, descendant of David, don’t hesitate to take Mary into your home as your wife, # 1:20 Or “take Miriam your wife.” Once again, the Jewish culture considered the betrothal period as part of the marriage custom. because the power of the Holy Spirit has conceived a child in her womb. 21She will give birth to a son and you are to name him ‘Savior,’ # 1:21 Or “Jesus.” The Hebrew name for Jesus is Yeshua (or Y’hoshua) and means “Yahweh is salvation, restoration, and deliverance.” Implied in the text is that Hebrew (Aramaic) speakers would obviously understand how the name Yeshua and salvation were linked, reinforcing the theory that Matthew was originally written in Hebrew. This is lost in the Greek word Iesous (Jesus). for he is destined to give his life # 1:21 As translated from the Aramaic. to save his people from their sins.”
22This happened to fulfill what the Lord had spoken through his prophet:
23Listen! A virgin # 1:23 See also v. 25, which clarifies that Mary was indeed a virgin. will be pregnant,
she will give birth to a Son,
and he will be known as “Emmanuel,”
which means in Hebrew,
“God became one of us.” # 1:23 Or “God with us” or “God among us”; that is, God incarnated. See Isa. 7:14; 8:8, 10 (LXX).
24When Joseph woke from his dream, he did all that the angel of the Lord instructed him to do. He took Mary to be his wife, 25but they refrained from having sex until she gave birth to her firstborn son, whom they named “Jesus.”
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