Exodus 19
19
Preparation for Receiving the Covenant at Mount Sinai
1In the third month after the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” went out from the land of Egypt, on this day they came to the Sinai desert. 2They set out from Rephidim, and they came to the desert of Sinai, and they camped in the desert, and Israel camped there in front of the mountain.
3And Moses went up to God, and Yahweh called to him from the mountain, saying, “Thus you will say to the house of Jacob and you will tell the Israelites,#Literally “sons/children of Israel” 4‘You yourselves have seen what I did to Egypt and how I bore you on eagles’ wings and I brought you to me. 5And now if you will carefully listen to my voice and keep my covenant, you will be a treasured possession for me out of all the peoples, for all the earth is mine,#Literally “because all of the earth is for me” 6but you, you will belong to me as a kingdom of priests and a holy nation.’ These are the words that you will speak to the Israelites.”#Literally “sons/children of Israel”
7And Moses came and called the elders of the people, and he placed before them all these words that Yahweh had commanded him. 8And all the people together answered and said, “All that Yahweh has spoken we will do.” And Moses brought back the words of the people to Yahweh. 9And Yahweh said to Moses, “Look, I am going to come to you in a thick cloud#Literally “the cloud of the cloud” in order that the people will hear when I speak with you and will also trust in you forever.” And Moses told the words of the people to Yahweh.
10And Yahweh said to Moses, “Go to the people and consecrate them today and tomorrow. They must wash their clothes, 11and they must be prepared for the third day, because on the third day, Yahweh will go down on Mount Sinai before the eyes of all the people. 12And you must set limits for the people all around, saying, ‘Guard yourselves against#Literally “watch to/for you” going up to the mountain and touching its edge. Anyone touching the mountain will certainly be put to death. 13Not a hand will touch it, because he will certainly be stoned or certainly be shot; whether an animal or a man, he will not live.’ At the blowing of the ram’s horn they may go up to the mountain.”
14And Moses went down from the mountain to the people, and he consecrated the people, and they washed their clothes. 15And he said to the people, “Be ready for the third day.#Literally “for third of days” Do not go near to a woman.”
16And#Literally “and it was” on the third day, when it was morning, there was thunder and lightning, and a heavy cloud over the mountain and a very loud ram’s horn sound, and all the people who were in the camp trembled. 17And Moses brought the people out from the camp to meet God, and they took their stand at the foot of the mountain. 18And Mount Sinai was all wrapped in smoke because Yahweh went down on it in the fire, and its smoke went up like the smoke of a smelting furnace, and the whole mountain trembled greatly. 19And the sound of the ram’s horn became louder and louder,#Literally “was going and strong very” (compare 2 Sam 3:1) and Moses would speak, and God would answer him with a voice.
20And Yahweh went down on Mount Sinai, to the top of the mountain, and Yahweh called Moses to the top of the mountain, and Moses went up. 21And Yahweh said to Moses, “Go down, warn the people, lest they break through to Yahweh to see and many from them fall. 22And even the priests who come near Yahweh must consecrate themselves, lest Yahweh break out against them.” 23And Moses said to Yahweh, “The people are not able to go up to Mount Sinai, because you yourself warned us, saying, ‘Set limits around the mountain and consecrate it.’ ” 24And Yahweh said to him, “Go, go down, and come up, you and Aaron with you and the priests, but the people must not break through to go up to Yahweh, lest he break out against them.” 25And Moses went down to the people, and he told them.#Or “and he said to them”
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Exodus 19
19
At Mount Sinai
1-2The Israelites left Rephidim#19.1,2 Rephidim: See the note at 17.1. and arrived at the desert. Then two months after leaving Egypt, they arrived at the desert near Mount Sinai, where they set up camp at the foot of the mountain. This was two months after they had left Egypt.
3Moses went up the mountain to meet with the Lord God, who told him to say to the people:
4You saw what I did in Egypt, and you know how I brought you here to me, just as a mighty eagle carries its young. 5#1 P 2.9. #Dt 4.20; 7.6; 14.2; 26.18; Titus 2.14. Now if you will faithfully obey me, you will be my very own people. The whole world is mine, 6#Rev 1.6; 5.10. but you will be my holy nation and serve me as priests.
Moses, that is what you must tell the Israelites.
7After Moses went back, he reported to the leaders what the Lord had said, 8and they all promised, “We will do everything the Lord has commanded.” So Moses told the Lord about this.
9The Lord said to Moses, “I will come to you in a thick cloud and let the people hear me speak to you. Then they will always trust you.” Again Moses reported to the Lord what the people had said.
10Once more the Lord spoke to Moses:
Go back and tell the people that today and tomorrow they must get themselves ready to meet me. They must wash their clothes 11and be ready by the day after tomorrow, when I will come down to Mount Sinai, where all of them can see me.
12 #
He 12.18-20. Warn the people that they are forbidden to touch any part of the mountain. Anyone who does will be put to death, 13either with stones or arrows, and no one must touch the body of the person being put to death in this way. Even an animal that touches this mountain must be put to death. You may go up the mountain only after a signal is given on the trumpet.
14After Moses went down the mountain, he gave orders for the people to wash their clothes and make themselves acceptable to worship God. 15He told them to be ready in three days and not to have sex in the meantime.
The Lord Comes to Mount Sinai
16 #
Rev 4.5. #Dt 4.11,12. On the morning of the third day there was thunder and lightning. A thick cloud covered the mountain, a loud trumpet blast was heard, and everyone in camp trembled with fear. 17Moses led them out of the camp to meet God, and they stood at the foot of the mountain.
18Mount Sinai was covered with smoke because the Lord had come down in a flaming fire. Smoke poured out of the mountain just like a furnace, and the whole mountain shook. 19The trumpet blew louder and louder. Moses spoke, and God answered him with thunder.
20The Lord came down to the top of Mount Sinai and told Moses to meet him there. 21Then he said, “Moses, go and warn the people not to cross the boundary that you set at the foot of the mountain. They must not cross it to come and look at me, because if they do, many of them will die. 22Only the priests may come near me, and they must obey strict rules before I let them. If they don't, they will be punished.”
23Moses replied, “The people cannot come up the mountain. You warned us to stay away because it is holy.”
24Then the Lord told Moses, “Go down and bring Aaron back here with you. But the priests and people must not try to push their way through, or I will rush at them like a flood!”
25After Moses had gone back down, he told the people what the Lord had said.
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