1 Corinthians 10
10
A History Lesson from Israel
1 For I do not want you to be ignorant, brothers, that our fathers were all under the cloud and all went through the sea, 2and all were baptized into Moses in the cloud and in the sea, 3and all ate the same spiritual food, 4and all drank the same spiritual drink. For they drank from the spiritual rock that followed them, and the rock was Christ. 5But God was not pleased with the majority of them, for they were struck down in the desert.
6Now these things happened as examples for us, so that we should not be desirers of evil things, just as those also desired them, 7and not become idolaters, as some of them did, just as it is written, “The people sat down to eat and drink, and stood up to play,”#A quotation from Exod 32:6 8nor commit sexual immorality, as some of them committed sexual immorality, and twenty-three thousand fell in one day, 9nor put Christ to the test, as some of them tested him, and were destroyed by snakes, 10nor grumble, just as some of them grumbled, and were destroyed by the destroyer. 11Now these things happened to those people as an example, but are written for our instruction, on whom the ends of the ages have come. 12Therefore, the one who thinks that he stands must watch out lest he fall. 13Temptation has not come upon you except what is common to humanity. But God is faithful, who will not permit you to be tempted beyond what you are able, but will also make a way out together with the temptation, so that you may be able to endure it.
Warning Against Idolatry
14Therefore, my dear friends, flee from idolatry. 15I am speaking as to sensible people; you judge what I am saying. 16The cup of blessing which we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread which we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ? 17Because there is one bread, we who are many are one body, for we all share from the one bread. 18Consider Israel according to the flesh: are not the ones who eat the sacrifices sharers in the altar? 19Therefore, what am I saying? That food sacrificed to idols is anything, or that an idol is anything? 20No, but that the things which they sacrifice, they sacrifice to demons and not to God, and I do not want you to become sharers with demons. 21You are not able to drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons. You are not able to share the table of the Lord and the table of demons. 22Or are we attempting to provoke the Lord to jealousy? We are not stronger than he is, are we?#*The negative construction in Greek anticipates a negative answer here
Freedom in Christ
23All things are permitted, but not all things are profitable. All things are permitted, but not all things build up. 24Let no one seek his own good#Literally “the - of himself”; “good” is implied but the good of the other. 25Eat everything that is sold in the meat market, asking no questions#Literally “questioning nothing” for the sake of the conscience, 26for “the earth is the Lord’s, and its fullness.”#A quotation from Ps 24:1, and an allusion to Ps 50:12; 89:11 27If any of the unbelievers invites you, and you want to go, eat everything that is set before you, asking no questions#Literally “questioning nothing” for the sake of the conscience. 28But if someone says to you, “This is offered to idols,” do not eat it, for the sake of that one who informed you and the conscience. 29Now I am not speaking about your own conscience, but the conscience of the other person. For why is my freedom judged by another’s conscience? 30If I partake with thankfulness, why am I slandered concerning that for which I give thanks?
31Therefore, whether you eat or you drink or whatever you do, do all things for the glory of God. 32Give no offense#Literally “be blameless” both to Jews and to Greeks and to the church of God, 33just as I also please all people in all things, not seeking my own benefit, but the benefit of the many, in order that they may be saved.
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1 Corinthians 10
10
Warnings from Israel’s Past
1Now I want you to know, brothers, that our fathers # Ps 44:1; Ac 7:11 were all under the cloud, # Ex 13:21 all passed through the sea, # Ex 14:29 2and all were baptized # Ac 22:16 into Moses # Ps 77:20; Mt 8:4; Heb 3:2 in the cloud and in the sea. 3They all ate the same spiritual food, # Ex 16:31 4and all drank the same spiritual drink. For they drank from a spiritual rock # Ex 17:6; Nm 20:7-13 that followed them, and that rock was Christ. # Jn 4:14; 6:30-35 5But God was not pleased with most of them, for they were struck down in the wilderness. # Jd 5
6Now these things became examples for us, so that we will not desire # Mt 27:23; Jms 4:2 evil things as they did. # Lit they desired # Nm 11:4,33-34; Ps 78:18; 106:14 7Don’t become idolaters # Eph 5:5 as some of them were; as it is written, The people sat down to eat and drink, and got up to play. # Or to dance # Ex 32:6 # Ex 32:6 8Let us not commit sexual immorality # 1Co 6:18; Rv 2:14,20; 17:2; 18:3,9 as some of them did, # Lit them committed sexual immorality and in a single day 23,000 people fell dead. # Nm 25:1-18; Ps 106:29 9Let us not test Christ as some of them did # Lit them tested and were destroyed by snakes. # Nm 21:6 10Nor should we complain # Jn 6:41; Jd 16 as some of them did, # Lit them complained # Nm 16:41-50 and were killed by the destroyer. # Or the destroying angel # Ex 12:23; 2Sm 24:16; 1Ch 21:15; Ps 78:49 11Now these things happened to them as examples, and they were written as a warning to us, # Ps 102:18 on whom the ends of the ages # Mk 13:7 have come. # Mk 10:30 12So, whoever thinks he stands must be careful not to fall. # Pr 24:16; Heb 6:8 13No temptation has overtaken you except what is common to humanity. God is faithful, # Nm 12:7 and He will not allow you to be tempted beyond what you are able, but with the temptation He will also provide a way of escape # 2Pt 2:9 so that you are able to bear it.
Warning against Idolatry
14Therefore, my dear friends, flee from idolatry. 15I am speaking as to wise people. Judge for yourselves what I say. 16The cup # Mt 26:27; Mk 14:23; Lk 22:17,20; 1Co 11:25-26 of blessing # Mk 6:41; Gl 3:14 that we give thanks for, is it not a sharing in the blood of Christ? The bread # Mt 26:26; Mk 14:22; Lk 22:19; Ac 2:42,46; 20:7 that we break, is it not a sharing in the body of Christ? 17Because there is one bread, we who are many are one # Jn 11:52; Eph 4:4 body, for all of us share that one bread. 18Look at the people of Israel. # Lit Look at Israel according to the flesh Do not those who eat the sacrifices participate in what is offered on the altar? # Gn 8:20; Lv 1:5; Nm 3:26; Dt 12:27; 1Sm 2:28; 1Ch 6:49; Ps 26:6; Ezk 8:15; Heb 7:13 19What am I saying then? That food offered to idols is anything, or that an idol is anything? 20No, but I do say that what they # Other mss read Gentiles sacrifice, they sacrifice to demons and not to God. I do not want you to participate with demons! 21You cannot drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons. You cannot share in the Lord’s table and the table of demons. 22Or are we provoking the Lord to jealousy? Are we stronger than He? # Ec 6:10
Christian Liberty
23“Everything is permissible,” # Other mss add for me # See note at 1Co 6:12-13. but not everything is helpful. “Everything is permissible,” # Other mss add for me but not everything builds up. 24No one should seek his own good, but the good of the other person. # Mk 10:45; Php 2:4
25Eat everything that is sold in the meat market, asking no questions for conscience’ sake, 26for the earth is the Lord’s, # Mk 13:19 and all that is in it. # Ps 24:1 # Ps 24:1 27If one of the unbelievers invites you over and you want to go, eat everything that is set before you, without raising questions of conscience. 28But if someone says to you, “This is food offered to an idol,” do not eat it, # Lk 10:8 out of consideration for the one who told you, and for conscience’ sake. # Other mss add “For the earth is the Lord’s and all that is in it.” 29I do not mean your own conscience, but the other person’s. For why is my freedom judged # Lk 6:37 by another person’s conscience? 30If I partake with thanks, # Mk 8:6; Rm 1:8 why am I slandered because of something I give thanks for?
31Therefore, whether you eat or drink, or whatever you do, do everything for God’s glory. # Mk 10:37; Lk 9:32; Jn 17:24; 2Co 3:18; 2Pt 3:18 32Give no offense # Ac 24:16; Php 1:10 to the Jews or the Greeks or the church of God, 33just as I also try to please all people in all things, not seeking my own profit, but the profit of many, # Mk 10:45 so that they may be saved.
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