Isaiah 5
5
Song of the Vineyard
1I will sing about the one I love,
a song about my loved one’s vineyard: # Ps 80:8; Jr12:10; Mt 21:33; Lk 20:9
The one I love had a vineyard
on a very fertile hill.
2He broke up the soil, cleared it of stones,
and planted it with the finest vines. # Jr 2:21
He built a tower in the middle of it
and even dug out a winepress there.
He expected # Is 40:31 it to yield good grapes,
but it yielded worthless grapes. # Mt 21:19; Mk 11:13; Lk 13:6
3So now, residents of Jerusalem
and men of Judah,
please judge between Me
and My vineyard.
4What more could I have done for My vineyard
than I did? # Mc 6:3-4; Mt 23:37
Why, when I expected a yield of good grapes,
did it yield worthless grapes?
5Now I will tell you
what I am about to do to My vineyard:
I will remove its hedge, # Ps 89:40; Jr 5:10
and it will be consumed;
I will tear down its wall, # Ps 80:12
and it will be trampled.
6I will make it a wasteland. # 2Ch 36:19-21; Is 7:19-25; 24:1,3; 27:2-6; Jr 25:11
It will not be pruned or weeded;
thorns and briers will grow up. # Gn 3:18; Is 7:23-25; 9:18; 10:17; 27:4; 32:13
I will also give orders to the clouds
that rain should not fall on it.
7For the vineyard of the Lord of Hosts
is the house of Israel, # Ps 80:8-11
and the men # Lit man of Judah,
the plant He delighted in.
He looked for justice
but saw injustice,
for righteousness,
but heard cries of wretchedness.
Judah’s Sins Denounced
8Woe to those who add house to house # Jr 22:13-17; Mc 2:2; Hab 2:9-12
and join field to field
until there is no more room
and you alone are left in the land.
9I heard the Lord of Hosts say:
Indeed, many houses # Am 3:10,15 will become desolate,
grand and lovely ones without inhabitants.
10For a ten-acre # Lit ten-yoke vineyard will yield
only six gallons, # Lit one bath
and 10 bushels # Lit one homer of seed will yield
only one bushel. # Lit one ephah
11Woe to those who rise early in the morning
in pursuit of beer, # Lv 10:9; Nm 6:3; Dt 29:6; Jdg 13:4; Is 5:22; 24:9; 28:7; 56:12
who linger into the evening,
inflamed by wine.
12At their feasts they have lyre, harp,
tambourine, flute, and wine.
They do not perceive the Lord’s actions, # Dt 32:4; Jb 34:27; 36:24; Ps 28:5; 44:1; 64:9-10
and they do not see the work of His hands. # Ex 32:16; 34:10; Ps 8:3,6; 19:1; 92:4-5; Is 10:12; 29:23
13Therefore My people will go into exile
because they lack knowledge; # Is 1:3; 27:11; Hs 4:6; Lk 11:52; 19:42; 1Tm 1:13
her # Lit its dignitaries are starving,
and her # Lit its masses are parched with thirst.
14Therefore Sheol enlarges its throat
and opens wide its enormous jaws, # Pr 30:16; Hab 2:5
and down go Zion’s dignitaries, her masses,
her crowds, and those who carouse in her!
15Humanity is brought low, man is humbled,
and haughty eyes are humbled. # Is 2:9,11,17; 10:33
16But the Lord of Hosts is exalted by His justice, # Is 33:5,10
and the holy God # Is 6:3 is distinguished by righteousness. # Is 8:13; 29:23; 1Pt 3:15
17Lambs will graze
as if in # Syr reads graze in their own pastures, # Mc 2:12
and strangers # LXX reads sheep will eat
among the ruins of the rich.
18Woe to those who drag wickedness
with cords of deceit # Pr 5:22; Is 59:4-8; Jr 23:10-14
and pull sin along with cart ropes,
19to those who say:
“Let Him hurry up and do His work quickly
so that we can see it!
Let the plan # Jb 38:2; 42:3; Ps 33:11; 106:13; 107:11; Pr 19:21; Is 14:26; 19:17; 46:10-11 of the Holy One of Israel # Is 1:4 take place
so that we can know it! ”
20Woe to those who call evil good
and good evil, # Pr 17:15; Am 5:7; Mal 2:17
who substitute darkness for light
and light for darkness,
who substitute bitter for sweet
and sweet for bitter.
21Woe to those who are wise in their own opinion
and clever in their own sight. # Lit clever before their face # Pr 3:7; Rm 12:16; 1Co 3:18
22Woe to those who are heroes at drinking wine,
who are fearless at mixing beer, # Is 5:11
23who acquit the guilty for a bribe # Ex 23:8; Pr 17:15; Is 1:23; 33:15
and deprive the innocent of justice.
24Therefore, as a tongue of fire consumes straw
and as dry grass shrivels in the flame,
so their roots will become like something rotten
and their blossoms will blow away like dust,
for they have rejected # Is 8:6; 30:9,12; Am 2:4; Ac 13:41
the instruction of the Lord of Hosts,
and they have despised
the word of the Holy One of Israel. # Is 5:19; Jr 51:5
25Therefore the Lord’s anger burns # Nm 11:10,33; 32:10-13; Dt 6:15; Jos 7:1; 23:16; 2Kg 13:3; Ps 106:40 against His people.
He raised His hand against them and struck them;
the mountains quaked, # Am 1:1; Zch 14:5
and their corpses were like garbage in the streets.
In all this, His anger is not removed,
and His hand is still raised to strike. # Is 9:12,17,21; 10:4; 14:27
26He raises a signal flag for the distant nations # Is 10:5; 11:10,12; 13:2; 18:3
and whistles # Is 7:18; Zch 10:8 for them from the ends of the earth.
Look — how quickly and swiftly they come!
27None of them grows weary or stumbles; # 1Jn 2:10
no one slumbers or sleeps.
No belt is loose
and no sandal strap broken.
28Their arrows are sharpened,
and all their bows strung.
Their horses’ hooves are like flint;
their chariot wheels are like a whirlwind.
29Their roaring is like a lion’s; # Jdg 14:5; Hs 13:8; Jl 1:6; Nah 2:12-13
they roar like young lions; # Rv 9:17
they growl and seize their prey
and carry it off,
and no one can rescue it.
30On that day they will roar over it,
like the roaring of the sea.
When one looks at the land,
there will be darkness and distress;
light will be obscured by clouds. # Lit its clouds
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Isaiah 5
5
Parable of the Vineyard
1Now let me sing for my greatly Beloved [Lord]
A song of my Beloved about His vineyard (His chosen people).
My greatly Beloved had a vineyard on a very fertile slope (the promised land, Canaan).
2He dug it all around and cleared away its stones,
And planted it with #Lit a bright red grape.the choicest vine (the people of Judah).
And He built a tower in the center of it;
And also hewed out a #This was the lower of two hollowed-out reservoirs made in the soft rock, one above the other, connected by a channel that allowed the juice pressed out in the upper reservoir to flow to the lower.wine vat in it.
Then He expected it to produce [the choicest] grapes,
But it produced only worthless ones.
3“And now, says the Lord, O inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah,
Judge between Me and My vineyard (My people).
4What more could have been done for My vineyard that I have not done in it?
When I expected it to produce good grapes, why did it yield worthless ones?
5So now let me tell you what I am going to do to My vineyard:
I will take away its thorn-hedge, and it will be burned up;
I will break down its #The wall was usually made up of loose stones that had been cleared from the field.stone wall and it will be trampled down [by enemies].
6I will turn it into a wasteland;
It will not be pruned or cultivated,
But briars and thorns will come up.
I will also command the clouds not to rain on it.”
7For the vineyard of the Lord of hosts is the house (nation) of Israel
And the men of Judah are His delightful planting [which He loves].
So He looked for justice, but in fact, [He saw] bloodshed and lawlessness;
[He looked] for righteousness, but in fact, [He heard] a cry of distress and oppression.
Woes for the Wicked
8Woe (judgment is coming) to those who join house to house and join field to field [to increase their holdings by depriving others],
Until there is no more room [for others],
So that you have to live alone in the midst of the land!
9In my ears the Lord of hosts said, “Be assured that many houses will become desolate,
Even great and beautiful ones will be unoccupied.
10For ten #Lit teams of oxen, referring to the area of land that a team of oxen can plow in one day.acres of vineyard will yield [only] #This is only a very rough approximation. The basic Hebrew unit of volume was an egg, which varied greatly, and the estimation was significantly larger than an ordinary chicken egg. A bath was set at 432 eggs—six to eight gallons.one bath of wine,
And a homer (#The actual Hebrew measure was the volume of 4,320 eggs, and an ephah (like a bath, only a dry measure) was 432 eggs.six bushels) of seed will produce [only] one ephah of grain.”
11Woe (judgment is coming) to those who rise early in the morning to pursue intoxicating drink,
Who stay up late in the night till wine inflames them!
12They have lyre and harp, tambourine and flute, and wine at their feasts;
But they do not regard nor even pay attention to the deeds of the Lord,
Nor do they consider the work of His hands.
13Therefore My people go into exile because they lack knowledge [of God];
And their honorable men are famished,
And their common people are parched with thirst.
14Therefore Sheol (the realm of the dead) has increased its appetite and opened its mouth beyond measure;
And #Lit her.Jerusalem’s splendor, her multitude, her [boisterous] uproar and her [drunken] revelers descend into it.
15So the common man will be bowed down and the man of importance degraded,
And the eyes of the proud (arrogant) will be degraded.
16But the Lord of hosts will be exalted in justice,
And God, the Holy One, will show Himself holy in righteousness [through His righteous judgments].
17Then the lambs will graze [among the ruins] as in their own pasture,
And strangers will eat in the desolate places of the [exiled] wealthy.
18Woe (judgment is coming) to those who drag along wickedness with cords of falsehood,
And sin as if with cart ropes [towing their own punishment];
19Who say, “Let Him move speedily, let Him expedite His work [His promised vengeance], so that we may see it;
And let the purpose of the Holy One of Israel approach
And come to pass, so that we may know it!”
20Woe (judgment is coming) to those who call evil good, and good evil;
Who substitute darkness for light and light for darkness;
Who substitute bitter for sweet and sweet for bitter!
21Woe (judgment is coming) to those who are wise in their own eyes
And clever and shrewd in their own sight!
22Woe (judgment is coming) to those who are heroes at drinking wine
And men of strength in mixing intoxicating drinks,
23Who justify the wicked and acquit the guilty for a bribe,
And take away the rights of those who are in the right!
24Therefore, as the tongue of fire consumes the stubble [from straw]
And the dry grass collapses into the flame,
So their root will become like rot and their blossom blow away like fine dust;
Because they have rejected the law of the Lord of hosts
And despised and discarded the word of the Holy One of Israel.
25Therefore the anger of the Lord has burned against His people,
And He has stretched out His hand against them and has struck them down.
And the mountains trembled, and their dead bodies lay like rubbish in the middle of the streets.
In spite of all this God’s anger is not turned away,
But His hand is still stretched out [in judgment].
26He will lift up a flag to [call] the distant nations [to bring His judgment on Judah],
And will whistle for them from the ends of the earth;
And indeed, they will come with great speed swiftly.
27No one among them is weary or stumbles,
No one slumbers or sleeps;
Nor is the belt at their waist undone [as if unprepared for action],
Nor is the strap of their sandal broken.
28Their arrows are sharp and all their bows are strung and bent;
Their horses’ hoofs seem like flint and their chariot wheels like a whirlwind.
29Their roaring is like a lioness, they roar like young lions;
They growl and seize their prey
And carry it off and there is no one to save it.
30And in that day they will roar against them (Judah) like the roaring of the sea.
And if one looks to the land, in fact, there is darkness and distress;
Even the light will be darkened by its clouds.
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