Matthew 13
13
The Parable of the Sower
1That same day Jesus went out of the house #For ver. 1-15, see Mark 4:1-12; Luke 8:4-10and sat beside the sea. 2And great crowds gathered about him, #[Mark 3:9; Luke 5:1-3]so that he got into a boat and sat down. And the whole crowd stood on the beach. 3And #ver. 34 he told them many things in parables, saying: #[Isa. 55:10; Amos 9:13]“A sower went out to sow. 4And as he sowed, some seeds fell along the path, and the birds came and devoured them. 5Other seeds fell on rocky ground, where they did not have much soil, and immediately they sprang up, since they had no depth of soil, 6but #James 1:11 when the sun rose they were scorched. And since they had no root, #John 15:6they withered away. 7Other seeds fell among #Jer. 4:3thorns, and the thorns grew up and choked them. 8Other seeds fell on good soil and produced grain, some #ver. 23; Gen. 26:12a hundredfold, some sixty, some thirty. 9#See ch. 11:15He who has ears,#13:9 Some manuscripts add here and in verse 43 to hear let him hear.”
The Purpose of the Parables
10Then the disciples came and said to him, “Why do you speak to them in parables?” 11And he answered them, #ch. 19:11; Col. 1:27; [1 Cor. 2:6-10; 1 John 2:20, 27]; See ch. 11:25 “To you it has been given to know #See Rom. 16:25the secrets of the kingdom of heaven, but to them it has not been given. 12#ch. 25:29; Mark 4:25; Luke 8:18; 19:26; [John 15:2; James 4:6] For to the one who has, more will be given, and he will have an abundance, but from the one who has not, #[Rev. 2:5]even what he has will be taken away. 13This is why I speak to them in parables, because #Deut. 29:4; Jer. 5:21; Ezek. 12:2; Rom. 11:8; 2 Cor. 3:14; 4:4; [Isa. 42:19, 20] seeing they do not see, and hearing they do not hear, #ver. 19, 51; ch. 15:10; 16:12; Mark 8:21nor do they understand. 14Indeed, in their case the prophecy of Isaiah is fulfilled that says:
#
John 12:40; Acts 28:26, 27; Cited from Isa. 6:9, 10 “‘“You will indeed hear but never understand,
and you will indeed see but never perceive.”
15 For this people’s heart has grown dull,
and with their ears #[Heb. 5:11] they can barely hear,
and #[John 9:39, 41] their eyes they have closed,
lest they should see with their eyes
and hear with their ears
and #[Rom. 10:10] understand with their heart
and # See Luke 22:32 turn, and I would heal them.’
16 But #
Luke 10:23, 24; [ch. 16:17] blessed are your eyes, for they see, and your ears, for they hear. 17#[See ver. 16 above] For truly, I say to you, #Heb. 11:13; 1 Pet. 1:10-12; [John 8:56]many prophets and righteous people longed to see what you see, and did not see it, and to hear what you hear, and did not hear it.
The Parable of the Sower Explained
18 # For ver. 18-23, see Mark 4:13-20; Luke 8:11-15 “Hear then the parable of the sower: 19When anyone hears the word of #ver. 38; ch. 4:23; 8:12 the kingdom and #See ver. 13 does not understand it, #John 17:15; Eph. 6:16; 2 Thess. 3:3; 1 John 2:13, 14; 3:12; 5:18, 19the evil one comes and snatches away what has been sown in his heart. This is what was sown along the path. 20As for what was sown on rocky ground, this is the one who hears the word and immediately #[Isa. 58:2; Ezek. 33:31, 32; Mark 6:20; John 5:35]receives it with joy, 21yet he has no root in himself, but #Gal. 1:6; [Hos. 6:4; Gal. 5:7] endures for a while, and when tribulation or persecution arises on account of the word, immediately #See ch. 11:6he falls away.#13:21 Or stumbles 22As for what was sown among thorns, this is the one who hears the word, but #See ch. 6:25 the cares of #2 Tim. 4:10 the world and #1 Tim. 6:9, 10, 17; [ch. 19:23; Mark 10:23; Acts 5:1-11; Heb. 3:13]the deceitfulness of riches choke the word, and it proves unfruitful. 23As for what was sown on good soil, this is the one who hears the word and #[See ver. 19 above] understands it. He indeed #Hos. 14:8; John 15:5, 16; Phil. 1:11; Col. 1:6 bears fruit and yields, in one case #ver. 8a hundredfold, in another sixty, and in another thirty.”
The Parable of the Weeds
24He put another parable before them, saying, #ver. 37-42; [Mark 4:26-29]“The kingdom of heaven may be compared to a man who sowed good seed in his field, 25but while his men were sleeping, his enemy came and sowed weeds#13:25 Probably darnel, a wheat-like weed among the wheat and went away. 26So when the plants came up and bore grain, then the weeds appeared also. 27And the servants#13:27 Or bondservants; also verse 28 of the master of the house came and said to him, ‘Master, did you not sow good seed in your field? How then does it have weeds?’ 28He said to them, ‘An enemy has done this.’ So the servants said to him, ‘Then do you want us to go and gather them?’ 29But he said, #[1 Cor. 4:5]‘No, lest in gathering the weeds you root up the wheat along with them. 30Let both grow together until the harvest, and at harvest time I will tell the reapers, #ch. 3:12“Gather the weeds first and bind them in bundles to be burned, but gather the wheat into my barn.”’”
The Mustard Seed and the Leaven
31He put another parable before them, saying, #For ver. 31, 32, see Mark 4:30-32; Luke 13:18, 19 “The kingdom of heaven is like #ch. 17:20; Luke 17:6a grain of mustard seed that a man took and sowed in his field. 32It is the smallest of all seeds, but when it has grown it is larger than all the garden plants and becomes a tree, so that the birds of the air come and make nests in its branches.”
33He told them another parable. #Luke 13:20, 21 “The kingdom of heaven is like leaven that a woman took and hid in #Gen. 18:6 three measures of flour, till it was #1 Cor. 5:6; Gal. 5:9all leavened.”
Prophecy and Parables
34 # ver. 3; Mark 4:33, 34; [John 16:25, 29] All these things Jesus said to the crowds in parables; indeed, he said nothing to them without a parable. 35This was to fulfill what was spoken by the prophet:#13:35 Some manuscripts Isaiah the prophet
# Cited from Ps. 78:2 “I will open my mouth in parables;
# [ver. 11; Rom. 16:25, 26; 1 Cor. 2:7] I will utter what has been hidden #ch. 25:34; Luke 11:50; [John 17:24; Eph. 1:4; 1 Pet. 1:20]since the foundation of the world.”
The Parable of the Weeds Explained
36Then he left the crowds and went into #ver. 1 the house. And his disciples came to him, saying, #ver. 24-30; [ch. 15:15]“Explain to us the parable of the weeds of the field.” 37He answered, “The one who sows the good seed is the Son of Man. 38The field is the world, and the good seed is #[ver. 43] the sons of the kingdom. The weeds are #John 8:44; Acts 13:10; 1 John 3:10; [ch. 23:15]; See ver. 19the sons of the evil one, 39and the enemy who sowed them is the devil. #Joel 3:13; Rev. 14:15 The harvest is #ver. 49; ch. 24:3; 28:20; [Dan. 12:13; Heb. 9:26]the end of the age, and the reapers are angels. 40Just as the weeds #John 15:6; [ch. 3:12] are gathered and burned with fire, so will it be at #[See ver. 39 above]the end of the age. 41#ch. 24:31 The Son of Man will send his angels, and they will gather out of his kingdom all #ch. 18:7; [Zeph. 1:3] causes of sin and #ch. 7:23all law-breakers, 42#ver. 50; Rev. 9:2; [Rev. 19:20; 20:10] and throw them into the fiery furnace. In that place #See ch. 8:12there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth. 43Then #Prov. 4:18; Dan. 12:3; [1 Cor. 15:41, 42] the righteous will shine like the sun #[ver. 38; ch. 25:34; 26:29; Luke 12:32] in the kingdom of their Father. #See ch. 11:15He who has ears, let him hear.
The Parable of the Hidden Treasure
44 “The kingdom of heaven #
Prov. 2:4 is like treasure hidden in a field, which a man found and covered up. Then in his joy # [ch. 25:9; Prov. 23:23; Phil. 3:7, 8] he goes and sells all that he has and # [Isa. 55:1; Rev. 3:18] buys that field.
The Parable of the Pearl of Great Value
45 “Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a merchant in search of fine pearls, 46who, on finding #ch. 7:6 one pearl of great value, #[See ver. 44 above] went and sold all that he had and #[See ver. 44 above]bought it.
The Parable of the Net
47 “Again, the kingdom of heaven is # ch. 4:19 like a net that was thrown into the sea and # [ver. 38; ch. 22:10; 25:2] gathered fish of every kind. 48When it was full, #John 21:11men drew it ashore and sat down and sorted the good into containers but threw away the bad. 49So it will be at #See ver. 39 the end of the age. The angels will come out and #ch. 25:32; [ver. 41]separate the evil from the righteous 50#See ver. 42and throw them into the fiery furnace. In that place #See ver. 42there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.
New and Old Treasures
51 # ver. 10-16; [John 10:6; 16:29] “Have you understood all these things?” They said to him, “Yes.” 52And he said to them, “Therefore every #ch. 23:34 scribe #ch. 28:19 who has been trained for the kingdom of heaven is like a master of a house, who #[ch. 12:35]brings out of his treasure what is new and what is old.”
Jesus Rejected at Nazareth
53And when Jesus had finished these parables, he went away from there, 54#For ver. 54-58, see Mark 6:1-6; [Luke 4:16-30] and coming to #ch. 2:23; Luke 4:23 his hometown #See ch. 4:23 he taught them in their synagogue, so that #See ch. 7:28they were astonished, and said, “Where did this man get this wisdom and these mighty works? 55#[Luke 4:22; John 6:42] Is not this #[Mark 6:3] the carpenter’s son? Is not his mother called Mary? And are not #See ch. 12:46his brothers James and Joseph and Simon and Judas? 56And are not all his sisters with us? Where then did this man get all these things?” 57And #See ch. 11:6 they took offense at him. But Jesus said to them, #Luke 4:24; John 4:44; [Jer. 11:21; 12:6; John 7:5]“A prophet is not without honor except in his hometown and in his own household.” 58And he did not do many mighty works there, #[ch. 17:20]because of their unbelief.
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The Holy Bible, English Standard Version® (ESV®), copyright © 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers.
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Matthew 13
13
Jesus Teaches in Parables
1That same day Jesus went out of the house and was sitting beside the sea [of Galilee]. 2But such large crowds gathered around Him that He got into a boat and sat there [positioning Himself as a teacher], while the whole crowd stood on the shore.
3He told them many things in #A short story that illustrates a moral or religious principle.parables, saying, “Listen carefully: a sower went out to sow [seed in his field]; 4and as he sowed, some seed fell beside the road [between the fields], and the birds came and ate it. 5Other seed fell on rocky ground, where they did not have much soil; and at once they sprang up because they had no depth of soil. 6But when the sun rose, they were scorched; and because they had no root, they withered away. 7Other seed fell among thorns, and thorns came up and choked them out. 8Other seed fell on good soil and yielded grain, some a hundred times as much [as was sown], some sixty [times as much], and some thirty. 9He who has ears [to hear], let him hear and heed My words.”
An Explanation
10Then the disciples came to Him and asked, “Why do You speak to the crowds in parables?” 11Jesus replied to them, “To you it has been granted to know the #Things which humans cannot know or discover on their own unless God reveals it to them.mysteries of the kingdom of heaven, but to them it has not been granted. 12For whoever has [spiritual wisdom because he is receptive to God’s word], to him more will be given, and he will be richly and abundantly supplied; but whoever does not have [spiritual wisdom because he has devalued God’s word], even what he has will be taken away from him. 13This is the reason I speak to the crowds in parables: because while [having the power of] seeing they do not see, and while [having the power of] hearing they do not hear, nor do they understand and grasp [spiritual things]. 14In them the prophecy of Isaiah is being fulfilled, which says,
‘You will hear and keep on hearing, but never understand;
And you will look and keep on looking, but never comprehend;
15 For this nation’s heart has grown hard,
And with their ears they hardly hear,
And they have [tightly] closed their eyes,
Otherwise they would see with their eyes,
And hear with their ears,
And understand with their heart, and turn [to Me]
And I would heal them [spiritually].’
16 But blessed [spiritually aware, and favored by God] are your eyes, because they see; and your ears, because they hear. 17I assure you and most solemnly say to you, many prophets and righteous men [who were honorable and in right standing with God] longed to see what you see, and did not see it, and to hear what you hear, and did not hear it.
The Sower Explained
18 “Listen then to the [meaning of the] parable of the sower: 19When anyone hears the word of the kingdom [regarding salvation] and does not understand and grasp it, the evil one comes and snatches away what was sown in his heart. This is the one on whom seed was sown beside the road. 20The one on whom seed was sown on rocky ground, this is the one who hears the word and at once welcomes it with joy; 21yet he has no [substantial] root in himself, but is only temporary, and when pressure or persecution comes because of the word, immediately he stumbles and falls away [abandoning the One who is the source of salvation]. 22And the one on whom seed was sown among thorns, this is the one who hears the word, but the worries and distractions of the world and the deceitfulness [the superficial pleasures and delight] of riches choke the word, and it yields no fruit. 23And the one on whom seed was sown on the good soil, this is the one who hears the word and understands and grasps it; he indeed bears fruit and yields, some a hundred times [as much as was sown], some sixty [times as much], and some thirty.”
Weeds among Wheat
24Jesus gave them another parable [to consider], saying, “The kingdom of heaven is like a man who sowed good seed in his field. 25But while his men were sleeping, his enemy came and sowed #Lit tares.weeds [resembling wheat] among the wheat, and went away. 26So when the plants sprouted and formed grain, the weeds appeared also. 27The servants of the owner came to him and said, ‘Sir, did you not sow good seed in your field? Then how does it have weeds in it?’ 28He replied to them, ‘An enemy has done this.’ The servants asked him, ‘Then do you want us to go and pull them out?’ 29But he said, ‘No; because as you pull out the weeds, you may uproot the wheat with them. 30Let them grow together until the harvest; and at harvest time I will tell the reapers, “First gather the weeds and tie them in bundles to be burned; but gather the wheat into my barn.” ’ ”
The Mustard Seed
31He gave them another parable [to consider], saying, “The kingdom of heaven is like a mustard seed, which a man took and sowed in his field; 32and of all the seeds [planted in the region] it is the smallest, but when it has grown it is the largest of the garden herbs and becomes a tree, so that the birds of the air find shelter in its branches.”
The Leaven
33He told them another parable, “The kingdom of heaven is like #This is the first time leaven is mentioned in the New Testament. See Ex 12:15 for the first mention of leaven in the Old Testament. The Hebrew word (seor) refers specifically to the leavening agent (as opposed to dough containing it), which today is thought of as yeast, a type of fungi. In Jewish thinking, leaven was symbolic of impurity and corruption. Jesus used it as a symbol for the corrupt and hypocritical teachings of the Pharisees and Sadducees (see especially Luke 12:1; cf Matt 16:11; Mark 8:15), but He also used leaven’s ability to permeate a mass of dough many times its own size as an illustration of the spread of the kingdom of heaven as here and in Luke 13:21.leaven, which a woman took and worked into three #A measure was about a peck and a half, which would be enough bread to feed a hundred people.measures of flour until all of it was leavened.”
34All these things Jesus said to the crowds in parables, and He said nothing to them without [using] a parable. 35This was to fulfill what was spoken by the prophet:
“I will open My mouth in parables;
I will utter things [unknown and unattainable] that have been hidden [from mankind] since the foundation of the world.”
The Weeds Explained
36Then He left the crowds and went into the house. And His disciples came to Him saying, “Explain [clearly] to us the parable of the weeds in the field.” 37He answered, “The one who sows the good seed is the Son of Man, 38and the field is the world; and [as for] the good seed, these are the sons of the kingdom; and the weeds are the sons of the evil one; 39and the enemy who sowed them is the devil, and the harvest is the end of the age; and the reapers are angels. 40So just as the weeds are gathered up and burned in the fire, so will it be at the end of the age. 41The Son of Man will send out His angels, and they will gather out of His kingdom all things that offend [those things by which people are led into sin], and all who practice evil [leading others into sin], 42and will throw them into the furnace of fire; in that place there will be weeping [over sorrow and pain] and grinding of teeth [over distress and anger]. 43Then the righteous [those who seek the will of God] will shine forth [radiating the new life] like the sun in the kingdom of their Father. He who has ears [to hear], let him hear and heed My words.
Hidden Treasure
44 “The kingdom of heaven is like a [very precious] treasure hidden in a field, which a man found and hid again; then in his joy he goes and sells all he has and buys that field [securing the treasure for himself].
A Costly Pearl
45 “Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a merchant in search of fine pearls, 46and upon finding a single pearl of great value, he went and sold all that he had and bought it.
A Dragnet
47 “Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a dragnet which was lowered into the sea, and gathered fish of every kind, 48and when it was full, they dragged it up on the beach; and they sat down and sorted out the good fish into baskets, but the worthless ones they threw away. 49So it will be at the end of the age; the angels will come and separate the wicked from the righteous 50and throw the wicked into the furnace of fire; in that place there will be weeping [over sorrow and pain] and grinding of teeth [over distress and anger].
51 “Have you understood all these things [in the lessons of the parables]?” They said to Jesus, “Yes.” 52He said to them, “Therefore every scribe who has become a disciple of the kingdom of heaven is like the head of a household, who brings out of his #God’s precepts, both the old and the new, contain truths to be treasured.treasure things that are new and fresh and things that are old and familiar.”
Jesus Revisits Nazareth
53When Jesus had finished these parables, He left there. 54And after coming to [Nazareth] His hometown, He began teaching them in their synagogue, and they were astonished, and said, “Where did this Man get this wisdom and these miraculous powers [what is the source of His authority]? 55Is not this the carpenter’s son? Is not His mother called Mary? And are not His brothers, James and Joseph and Simon and Judas? 56And His sisters, are they not [living here] among us? Where then did this Man get all this [wisdom and power]?” 57And they took offense at Him [refusing to believe in Him]. But Jesus said to them, “A prophet is not without honor except in his hometown and in his own household.” 58And He did not do many miracles there [in Nazareth] because of their unbelief.
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