Isaiah 27
27
The Judgment and Deliverance of Israel
1On that day,
The Lord will punish with his sword
that is cruel, great, and strong,
Leviathan the fleeing serpent,
Leviathan the coiled serpent;
he will slay the dragon#Leviathan…dragon: the description of Leviathan is almost identical to a passage from a much earlier Ugaritic text. The sea dragon became a symbol of the forces of evil which God vanquishes even as he overcame primeval chaos; cf. notes on 30:7; 51:9–10; Jb 3:8; 7:12; no power can challenge God. Leviathan is even spoken of playfully in Ps 104:26. in the sea.#Jb 40:25–32; Ps 74:12–14; Ez 32:2.
2#This passage mitigates the harsh words on Israel as the Lord’s vineyard in 5:1–7; here is given the rain there withheld, though Israel’s welfare is still made dependent on fidelity. On that day—
The pleasant vineyard, sing about it!#Is 5:1; Am 5:11.
3I, the Lord, am its keeper,
I water it every moment;
Lest anyone harm it,
night and day I guard it.#Is 5:2–7.
4I am not angry.
But if I were to find briers and thorns,
In battle I would march against it;
I would burn it all.#Is 10:17.
5But if it holds fast to my refuge,
it shall have peace with me;#Jb 22:21.
it shall have peace with me.
6In days to come Jacob shall take root,
Israel shall sprout and blossom,
covering all the world with fruit.#Is 37:31–32; Hos 14:5–6.
7#Israel was not treated as sternly as were its enemies whom God used to punish it. God did, however, drive Israel from its land, and if it wants to make peace with God, it must change its former cultic practices, destroying its altars and sacred groves (cf. 17:7–11). Was he smitten as his smiter was smitten?
Was he slain as his slayer was slain?
8Driving out and expelling, he struggled against it,
carrying it off with his cruel wind on a day of storm.#Jer 18:17.
9This, then, shall be the expiation of Jacob’s guilt,
this the result of removing his sin:
He shall pulverize all the stones of the altars
like pieces of chalk;
no asherahs or incense altars shall stand.
10For the fortified city shall be desolate,
an abandoned pasture, a forsaken wilderness;
There calves shall graze, there they shall lie down,
and consume its branches.
11When its boughs wither, they shall be broken off;
and women shall come to kindle fires with them.
For this is not an understanding people;
therefore their maker shall not spare them;
their creator shall not be gracious to them.#Is 1:3; 5:13; Jer 4:22.
12On that day,
The Lord shall beat out grain
from the channel of the Euphrates to the Wadi of Egypt,
and you shall be gleaned#Gleaned: God will harvest his people who have been scattered from Assyria to Egypt. Note the same language of gleaning to describe the remnant of the Northern Kingdom in 17:5–6. one by one, children of Israel.
13On that day,#The remnant of Israel will return to Jerusalem for worship; cf. 11:10–16.
A great trumpet shall blow,
and the lost in the land of Assyria
and the outcasts in the land of Egypt
Shall come and worship the Lord
on the holy mountain, in Jerusalem.#Is 11:11–16.
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Confraternity of Christian Doctrine, Inc
Isaiah 27
27
Israel Rescued
1On that day, Yahweh will punish with his cruel, great and strong sword Leviathan, the fleeing serpent, and Leviathan, the twisting serpent, and he will kill the sea monster that is in the sea.
2On that day:
“A vineyard of beauty! Sing in praise of it!
3I, Yahweh, am her keeper; I water it again and again.#Literally “by moments”
Lest one afflict harm on it, I guard it night and day;
4I have no wrath.#Literally “There is no wrath for me”
Whatever gives me thorns and briers,
I will step forth against in battle.
I will set it on fire altogether.
5Or let it grasp at my protection;
let it make peace with me;
peace let it make with me.”
6Days are coming,#Literally “The coming ones” let Jacob take root;
Israel will blossom and send out shoots,
and they will fill the face of the world with fruit.
7Does he strike him as he struck down those who struck him?#Literally “like the striking of one striking him”
Or is he killed as those who killed him were killed?#Literally “like the killing of his killed ones”
8By expelling#Meaning uncertain, derived from the following parallel expression her, by her sending away, you argue with her.
He removed them with his strong wind,
in the day of the east wind.
9Therefore by this he will make atonement for the guilt of Jacob,
and this will be all of the fruit of the removal of his sin:
when he makes#Literally “in his setting” all the stones of the altar like crushed stones of chalk,
no poles of Asherah worship or incense altars will stand.
10For the fortified city is solitary,
a settlement deserted and forsaken, like the wilderness;
the calf grazes there,
lies down there and destroys its branches.
11When its branches are dry,#Literally “In her branch being dry” they are broken;
women are coming and setting light to it.
For it is not a people of understanding;
therefore his maker will not have compassion on him,
and his creator will not show him favor.
12And this shall happen:
on that day, Yahweh will thresh from the floodwaters of the Euphrates to the wadi#A seasonal stream that is often dry of Egypt, and as for you, you will be gathered one by one, sons of Israel.
13And this shall happen:
on that day, a great trumpet will be blown,
and those who were lost in the land of Assyria will come,
and those who were scattered in the land of Egypt,
and they will bow down to Yahweh on the holy mountain#Literally “mountain of holiness” at Jerusalem.
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