Isaiah 11
11
The Ideal Davidic King#11:1–9 (10)] Here Isaiah looks forward to a new Davidide who will realize the ancient ideals (see Ps 72). The oracle does not seem to have a particular historical person in mind.
1But a shoot shall sprout from the stump#Shoot…stump: the imagery suggests the bankruptcy of the monarchy as embodied in the historical kings, along with the need for a new beginning, to spring from the very origin from which David and his dynasty arose. Jesse: David’s father (cf. 1 Sm 16:1–13). of Jesse,
and from his roots a bud shall blossom.#Is 4:2; 53:2; Jer 23:5–6; 33:14–16; Zec 3:8; 6:12; Rev 22:16.
2#The source of the traditional names of the gifts of the Holy Spirit. The Septuagint and the Vulgate read “piety” for “fear of the Lord” in its first occurrence, thus listing seven gifts. The spirit of the Lord shall rest upon him:#Is 42:1; 1 Sm 16:13; Mt 3:16; Mk 1:10; Jn 1:32.
a spirit of wisdom and of understanding,
A spirit of counsel and of strength,
a spirit of knowledge and of fear of the Lord,
3and his delight shall be the fear of the Lord.
Not by appearance shall he judge,
nor by hearsay shall he decide,
4But he shall judge the poor with justice,
and decide fairly for the land’s afflicted.#Ps 72:2, 4; 98:9.
He shall strike the ruthless with the rod of his mouth,
and with the breath of his lips he shall slay the wicked.#2 Thes 2:8; Rev 2:16.
5Justice shall be the band around his waist,
and faithfulness a belt upon his hips.#Eph 6:14.
6#This picture of the idyllic harmony of paradise is a dramatic symbol of universal peace and justice under the rule of the new Davidic king. The peace and harmony even among carnivores and their natural prey in this description suggest a paradisiac aspect of the reign of the new king. Then the wolf shall be a guest of the lamb,
and the leopard shall lie down with the young goat;
The calf and the young lion shall browse together,
with a little child to guide them.#Hos 2:20.
7The cow and the bear shall graze,
together their young shall lie down;
the lion shall eat hay like the ox.#Is 65:25.
8The baby shall play by the viper’s den,
and the child lay his hand on the adder’s lair.
9They shall not harm or destroy on all my holy mountain;
for the earth shall be filled with knowledge of the Lord,
as water covers the sea.
Restoration#This passage, with its reference to God’s people in widely scattered lands, is probably from a much later period. God will restore them to their own land. The reconciliation of Ephraim (i.e., the Northern Kingdom) and Judah reverses what Isaiah saw as a disastrous event of the past (cf. 7:17). God’s action is likened to a new exodus, analogous to the time God first acquired Israel in bringing them out of the land of Egypt. Pathros: upper Egypt. Elam: east of Babylonia. Shinar: Babylonia. Hamath: on the Orontes River in Syria. Isles: or coastlands, in the Mediterranean.
10On that day,
The root of Jesse,
set up as a signal for the peoples—
Him the nations will seek out;
his dwelling shall be glorious.#Is 2:2–4; Rom 15:12.
11On that day,
The Lord shall again take it in hand
to reclaim the remnant of his people
that is left from Assyria and Egypt,
Pathros, Ethiopia, and Elam,
Shinar, Hamath, and the isles of the sea.#Ex 3:20; Jer 23:7–8; 31:1–22; Zec 10:10.
12He shall raise a signal to the nations#Is 18:3.
and gather the outcasts of Israel;
The dispersed of Judah he shall assemble
from the four corners of the earth.
13The envy of Ephraim shall pass away,
and those hostile to Judah shall be cut off;
Ephraim shall not envy Judah,
and Judah shall not be hostile to Ephraim;
14But they shall swoop down on the foothills
of the Philistines to the west,
together they shall plunder the people of the east;#People of the east: tribes in the Arabian Desert (cf. Jgs 6:3, 33; 7:12).
Edom and Moab shall be their possessions,
and the Ammonites their subjects.
15The Lord shall dry up the tongue#Tongue: perhaps to be identified with the Gulf of Suez. of the Sea of Egypt,
and wave his hand over the Euphrates with his fierce wind,
And divide it into seven streamlets,
so that it can be crossed in sandals.#Zec 10:11; Rev 16:12.
16There shall be a highway for the remnant of his people
that is left from Assyria,
As there was for Israel
when it came up from the land of Egypt.#Is 51:10; Ex 14:29.
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Isaiah 11: NABRE
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Isaiah 11
11
A Branch from David’s Line
1Out of the stump of David’s family#11:1 Hebrew the stump of the line of Jesse. Jesse was King David’s father. will grow a shoot—
yes, a new Branch bearing fruit from the old root.
2And the Spirit of the Lord will rest on him—
the Spirit of wisdom and understanding,
the Spirit of counsel and might,
the Spirit of knowledge and the fear of the Lord.
3He will delight in obeying the Lord.
He will not judge by appearance
nor make a decision based on hearsay.
4He will give justice to the poor
and make fair decisions for the exploited.
The earth will shake at the force of his word,
and one breath from his mouth will destroy the wicked.
5He will wear righteousness like a belt
and truth like an undergarment.
6In that day the wolf and the lamb will live together;
the leopard will lie down with the baby goat.
The calf and the yearling will be safe with the lion,
and a little child will lead them all.
7The cow will graze near the bear.
The cub and the calf will lie down together.
The lion will eat hay like a cow.
8The baby will play safely near the hole of a cobra.
Yes, a little child will put its hand in a nest of deadly snakes without harm.
9Nothing will hurt or destroy in all my holy mountain,
for as the waters fill the sea,
so the earth will be filled with people who know the Lord.
10In that day the heir to David’s throne#11:10a Hebrew the root of Jesse.
will be a banner of salvation to all the world.
The nations will rally to him,
and the land where he lives will be a glorious place.#11:10b Greek version reads In that day the heir to David’s throne [literally the root of Jesse] will come, / and he will rule over the Gentiles. / They will place their hopes on him. Compare Rom 15:12.
11In that day the Lord will reach out his hand a second time
to bring back the remnant of his people—
those who remain in Assyria and northern Egypt;
in southern Egypt, Ethiopia,#11:11a Hebrew in Pathros, Cush. and Elam;
in Babylonia,#11:11b Hebrew in Shinar. Hamath, and all the distant coastlands.
12He will raise a flag among the nations
and assemble the exiles of Israel.
He will gather the scattered people of Judah
from the ends of the earth.
13Then at last the jealousy between Israel#11:13 Hebrew Ephraim, referring to the northern kingdom of Israel. and Judah will end.
They will not be rivals anymore.
14They will join forces to swoop down on Philistia to the west.
Together they will attack and plunder the nations to the east.
They will occupy the lands of Edom and Moab,
and Ammon will obey them.
15The Lord will make a dry path through the gulf of the Red Sea.#11:15a Hebrew will destroy the tongue of the sea of Egypt.
He will wave his hand over the Euphrates River,#11:15b Hebrew the river.
sending a mighty wind to divide it into seven streams
so it can easily be crossed on foot.
16He will make a highway for the remnant of his people,
the remnant coming from Assyria,
just as he did for Israel long ago
when they returned from Egypt.
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