Matthew 10
10
The Twelve Apostles
(Mk 3.13–19; Lk 6.12–16)
1Jesus called his twelve disciples together and gave them authority to drive out evil spirits and to heal every disease and every sickness. 2These are the names of the twelve apostles: first, Simon (called Peter) and his brother Andrew; James and his brother John, the sons of Zebedee; 3Philip and Bartholomew; Thomas and Matthew, the tax collector; James son of Alphaeus, and Thaddaeus; 4Simon the Patriot, and Judas Iscariot, who betrayed Jesus.
The Mission of the Twelve
(Mk 6.7–13; Lk 9.1–6)
5These twelve men were sent out by Jesus with the following instructions: “Do not go to any Gentile territory or any Samaritan towns. 6Instead, you are to go to the lost sheep of the people of Israel. 7#Lk 10.4–12Go and preach, ‘The Kingdom of heaven is near!’ 8Heal the sick, bring the dead back to life, heal those who suffer from dreaded skin diseases, and drive out demons. You have received without paying, so give without being paid. 9Do not carry any gold, silver, or copper money in your pockets; 10#1 Cor 9.14; 1 Tim 5.18do not carry a beggar's bag for the journey or an extra shirt or shoes or a stick. Workers should be given what they need.
11 “When you come to a town or village, go in and look for someone who is willing to welcome you, and stay with him until you leave that place. 12When you go into a house, say, ‘Peace be with you.’ 13If the people in that house welcome you, let your greeting of peace remain; but if they do not welcome you, then take back your greeting. 14#Acts 13.51And if some home or town will not welcome you or listen to you, then leave that place and shake the dust off your feet. 15#Mt 11.24; Gen 19.24–28I assure you that on the Judgement Day God will show more mercy to the people of Sodom and Gomorrah than to the people of that town!
Coming Persecutions
(Mk 13.9–13; Lk 21.12–17)
16 #
Lk 10.3
“Listen! I am sending you out just like sheep to a pack of wolves. You must be as cautious as snakes and as gentle as doves. 17#Mk 13.9–11; Lk 12.11–12; 21.12–15Watch out, for there will be those who will arrest you and take you to court, and they will whip you in the synagogues. 18For my sake you will be brought to trial before rulers and kings, to tell the Good News to them and to the Gentiles. 19When they bring you to trial, do not worry about what you are going to say or how you will say it; when the time comes, you will be given what you will say. 20For the words you will speak will not be yours; they will come from the Spirit of your Father speaking through you.
21 #
Mk 13.12; Lk 21.16 “Men will hand over their own brothers to be put to death, and fathers will do the same to their children; children will turn against their parents and have them put to death. 22#Mt 24.9, 13; Mk 13.13; Lk 21.17Everyone will hate you because of me. But whoever holds out to the end will be saved. 23When they persecute you in one town, run away to another one. I assure you that you will not finish your work in all the towns of Israel before the Son of Man comes.
24 #
Lk 6.40; Jn 13.16; 15.20 “No pupil is greater than his teacher; no slave is greater than his master. 25#Mt 9.34; 12.24; Mk 3.22; Lk 11.15So a pupil should be satisfied to become like his teacher, and a slave like his master. If the head of the family is called Beelzebul, the members of the family will be called even worse names!
Whom to Fear
(Lk 12.2–7)
26 #
Mk 4.22; Lk 8.17 “So do not be afraid of people. Whatever is now covered up will be uncovered, and every secret will be made known. 27What I am telling you in the dark you must repeat in broad daylight, and what you have heard in private you must announce from the housetops. 28Do not be afraid of those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul; rather be afraid of God, who can destroy both body and soul in hell. 29For only a penny you can buy two sparrows, yet not one sparrow falls to the ground without your Father's consent. 30As for you, even the hairs of your head have all been counted. 31So do not be afraid; you are worth much more than many sparrows!
Confessing and Rejecting Christ
(Lk 12.8–9)
32 “For those who declare publicly that they belong to me, I will do the same before my Father in heaven. 33#2 Tim 2.12But if anyone rejects me publicly, I will reject him before my Father in heaven.
Not Peace, but a Sword
(Lk 12.51–53; 14.26–27)
34 “Do not think that I have come to bring peace to the world. No, I did not come to bring peace, but a sword. 35#Mic 7.6I came to set sons against their fathers, daughters against their mothers, daughters-in-law against their mothers-in-law; 36your worst enemies will be the members of your own family.
37 “Those who love their father or mother more than me are not fit to be my disciples; those who love their son or daughter more than me are not fit to be my disciples. 38#Mt 16.24; Mk 8.34; Lk 9.23Those who do not take up their cross and follow in my steps are not fit to be my disciples. 39#Mt 16.25; Mk 8.35; Lk 9.24; 17.33; Jn 12.25Those who try to gain their own life will lose it; but those who lose their life for my sake will gain it.
Rewards
(Mk 9.41)
40 #
Mk 9.37; Lk 9.48; 10.16; Jn 13.20 “Whoever welcomes you welcomes me; and whoever welcomes me welcomes the one who sent me. 41Whoever welcomes God's messenger because he is God's messenger, will share in his reward. And whoever welcomes a good man because he is good, will share in his reward. 42You can be sure that whoever gives even a drink of cold water to one of the least of these my followers because he is my follower, will certainly receive a reward.”
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Matthew 10: GNBDC
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Good News Bible. Scripture taken from the Good News Bible (r) (Today's English Version Second Edition, UK/British Edition). Copyright © 1992 British & Foreign Bible Society. Used by permission.
Matthew 10
10
The Twelve Commissioned and Sent Out
1 And summoning his twelve disciples, he gave them authority over unclean spirits, so that they could expel them#*Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation and could heal every#Or “every kind of” disease and every#Or “every kind of” sickness. 2Now these are the names of the twelve apostles: first Simon who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother, James#Some manuscripts have “and James” the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, 3Philip, and Bartholomew, Thomas, and Matthew the tax collector, James the son of Alphaeus, and Thaddaeus, 4Simon the Zealot,#Literally “the Cananean,” but according to BDAG 507 s.v., this term has no relation at all to the geographical terms for Cana or Canaan, but is derived from the Aramaic term for “enthusiast, zealot” (see Luke 6:15; Acts 1:13) and Judas Iscariot—the one who also betrayed him.
5Jesus sent out these twelve, instructing them saying, “Do not go on the road to the Gentiles, and do not enter into a city of the Samaritans, 6but go instead to the lost sheep of the house of Israel. 7And as you#*Here “as” is supplied as a component of the participle (“are going”) which is understood as temporal are going, preach, saying, ‘The kingdom of heaven has come near!’ 8Heal those who are sick, raise the dead, cleanse lepers, expel demons. Freely you have received; freely give. 9Do not procure gold or silver or copper for your belts. 10Do not take a traveler’s bag for the road, or two tunics, or sandals, or a staff, for the worker is deserving of his provisions. 11And into whatever town or village you enter, inquire who in it is worthy, and stay there until you depart. 12And when you#*Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“enter”) which is understood as temporal enter into the house, greet it. 13And if the house is worthy, let your peace come upon it, but if it is not worthy, let your peace return to you. 14And whoever does not welcome you or listen to your words, shake off the dust from your feet as you#*Here “as” is supplied as a component of the participle (“are going”) which is understood as temporal are going out of that house or that#A repetition of “that” is supplied in English; the single Greek term is understood to modify both “house” and “town” town. 15Truly I say to you, it will be more bearable for the region of Sodom and Gomorrah on the day of judgment than for that town!
Persecution of Disciples Predicted
16“Behold, I am sending you out like sheep in the midst of wolves. Therefore be wise as serpents and innocent as doves. 17But beware of people, because they will hand you over to councils, and they will flog you in their synagogues. 18And you will be brought before both governors and kings because of me, for a witness to them and to the Gentiles. 19But whenever they hand you over, do not be anxious how to speak#*Here “to speak” has been supplied for stylistic reasons, since “how to speak” is more natural in English than “how to say”; in Greek the same verb works with both expressions (“how or what you should say”) and also occurs again at the end of the verse or what you should say, for what you should say will be given to you at that hour. 20For you are not the ones who are speaking, but the Spirit of your Father who is speaking through you.
21“And brother will hand over brother to death, and a father his children, and children will rise up against parents and have them put to death, 22and you will be hated by everyone because of my name. But the one who endures to the end—this one will be saved. 23And whenever they persecute you in this town, flee to another, for truly I say to you, you will never finish going through the towns of Israel until the Son of Man comes.
24“A disciple is not superior to his teacher, nor a slave superior to his master. 25It is enough for the disciple that he become like his teacher, and the slave like his master. If they have called the master of the house Beelzebul, how much more the members of his household?
Fear God Rather Than People
26“Therefore do not be afraid of them, because nothing is hidden that will not be revealed, and nothing secret that will not become known. 27What I say to you in the dark, tell in the light, and what you hear in your ear, proclaim on the housetops. 28And do not be afraid of those who kill the body but are not able to kill the soul, but instead be afraid of the one who is able to destroy both soul and body in hell. 29Are not two sparrows sold for a penny?#Literally, “an assarion,” a Roman coin worth about 1/16 of a denarius And one of them will not fall to the ground without the knowledge and consent#Literally “without”; the phrase “the knowledge and consent” is implied when this term is used of God of your Father. 30And even the hairs of your head are all numbered! 31Therefore do not be afraid; you are worth more than many sparrows.
32“Therefore everyone who acknowledges me before people, I also will acknowledge him before my Father who is in heaven. 33But whoever denies me before people, I also will deny him before my Father who is in heaven.
Not Peace, But a Sword of Divisiveness
34“Do not think that I have come to bring peace on the earth! I have not come to bring peace, but a sword. 35For I have come to turn a man against his father, and a daughter against her mother, and a daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law. 36And the enemies of a man will be the members of his household.#An allusion to Mic 7:6 37The one who loves father or mother more than me is not worthy of me, and the one who loves son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. 38And whoever does not take up his cross and follow me is not worthy of me. 39The one who finds his life will lose it, and the one who loses his life because of me will find it.
On Rewards
40“The one who receives you receives me, and the one who receives me receives the one who sent me. 41The one who receives a prophet in the name of a prophet will receive a prophet’s reward, and the one who receives a righteous person in the name of a righteous person will receive a righteous person’s reward. 42And whoever gives one of these little ones only a cup of cold water to drink in the name of a disciple, truly I say to you, he will never lose his reward.”
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