Exodus 1
1
Israel Multiplies in Egypt
1Now these are the names of the sons of Israel who came to Egypt with Jacob; they came, each one #1:1 Lit andwith his household: 2Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah; 3Issachar, Zebulun, and Benjamin; 4Dan and Naphtali, Gad and Asher. 5#1:5 Lit Every soulAll the people who descended from Jacob were seventy #1:5 Lit soulspeople, but Joseph was already in Egypt. 6And Joseph died, and all his brothers and all that generation. 7But the sons of Israel were fruitful and #1:7 Lit swarmedincreased greatly, and multiplied, and became exceedingly #1:7 Or numerousmighty, so that the land was filled with them.
8Now a new king arose over Egypt, who did not know Joseph. 9And he said to his people, “Behold, the people of the sons of Israel are #1:9 Or more and mightier than wetoo many and too mighty for us. 10Come, let us deal #1:10 Or wiselyshrewdly with them, otherwise they will multiply, and #1:10 Lit it will come about when war occurs thatin the event of war, they will also join those who hate us, and fight against us and #1:10 Lit go up fromdepart from the land.” 11So they appointed taskmasters over them to oppress them with #1:11 Lit their burdenshard labor. And they built for Pharaoh storage cities, Pithom and Raamses. 12But the more they oppressed them, the more they multiplied and the more they #1:12 Lit broke forthspread out, so that they dreaded the sons of Israel. 13The Egyptians #1:13 Lit with violence compelledused violence to compel the sons of Israel to labor; 14and they made their lives bitter with hard labor in mortar and bricks and at all kinds of labor in the field, all their labors which they violently had them perform as slaves.
15Then the king of Egypt spoke to the Hebrew midwives, one of whom #1:15 Lit the name waswas named Shiphrah, and the other #1:15 Lit the name waswas named Puah; 16and he said, “When you are helping the Hebrew women to give birth and see them upon the birthstool, if it is a son, then you shall put him to death; but if it is a daughter, then she shall live.” 17But the midwives #1:17 Or reveredfeared God, and did not do as the king of Egypt had #1:17 Lit spoken tocommanded them, but let the boys live. 18So the king of Egypt called for the midwives and said to them, “Why have you done this thing, and let the boys live?” 19The midwives said to Pharaoh, “Because the Hebrew women are not like the Egyptian women; for they are vigorous and give birth before the midwife #1:19 Lit comes tocan get to them.” 20So God was good to the midwives, and the people multiplied, and became very #1:20 Or numerousmighty. 21And because the midwives #1:21 Or reveredfeared God, He #1:21 Lit madeestablished #1:21 Or familieshouseholds for them. 22Then Pharaoh commanded all his people, saying, “Every son who is born, #1:22 Some ancient versions insert to the Hebrewsyou are to throw into the Nile, but every daughter, you are to keep alive.”
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Exodus 1: NASB2020
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Exodus 1
1
Israel Oppressed in Egypt
1These are the names of the sons of Israel who came to Egypt with Jacob; each came with his family: # Gn 46:8
2Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah;
3Issachar, Zebulun, and Benjamin;
4Dan and Naphtali; Gad and Asher.
5The total number of Jacob’s descendants # Lit of people issuing from Jacob’s loins was 70; # LXX, DSS read 75 ; Gn 46:27; Ac 7:14 # Gn 46:26-27; Dt 10:22 Joseph was already in Egypt.
6Then Joseph and all his brothers and all that generation died. # Gn 50:26 7But the Israelites were fruitful, increased rapidly, multiplied, and became extremely numerous # Gn 12:2; 46:3; Dt 26:5; Ac 7:17 so that the land was filled with them.
8A new king, who had not known Joseph, came to power in Egypt. 9He said to his people, “Look, the Israelite people are more numerous and powerful than we are. # Ps 105:24 10Let us deal shrewdly with them; otherwise they will multiply further, and if war breaks out, they may join our enemies, fight against us, and leave the country.” # Ps 83:3-4; Ac 7:19 11So the Egyptians assigned taskmasters over the Israelites to oppress them with forced labor. # Gn 15:13; Ex 2:11; 3:7; 5:4-5; 6:6; Dt 26:6 They built Pithom and Rameses as supply cities # Gn 47:11; 1Kg 9:19; 2Ch 8:4 for Pharaoh. 12But the more they oppressed them, the more they multiplied and spread so that the Egyptians came to dread # Or Egyptians loathed the Israelites. 13They worked the Israelites ruthlessly # Dt 4:20 14and made their lives bitter with difficult labor in brick and mortar and in all kinds of fieldwork. They ruthlessly imposed all this work on them. # Ex 2:23; Nm 20:15; Ac 7:19
15Then the king of Egypt said to the Hebrew midwives, one of whom was named Shiphrah and the other Puah, 16“When you help the Hebrew women give birth, observe them as they deliver. # Lit birth, look at the stones If the child is a son, kill him, but if it’s a daughter, she may live.” 17The Hebrew midwives, however, feared God # Ex 1:21; Pr 16:6 and did not do as the king of Egypt had told them; # Dn 3:16-18; Ac 4:18-20; 5:29 they let the boys live. 18So the king of Egypt summoned the midwives and asked them, “Why have you done this and let the boys live? ”
19The midwives said to Pharaoh, “The Hebrew women are not like the Egyptian women, for they are vigorous and give birth before a midwife can get to them.” # Jos 2:4; 2Sm 17:20
20So God was good to the midwives, # Pr 11:18; Is 3:10 and the people multiplied and became very numerous. 21Since the midwives feared God, He gave them families. # 1Sm 2:35; 2Sm 7:11,27; 1Kg 11:38; Ps 127:1 22Pharaoh then commanded all his people: “You must throw every son born to the Hebrews # Sam, LXX, Tg; MT omits to the Hebrews into the Nile, but let every daughter live.” # Gn 41:1; Ac 7:19
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