Matthew 16
16
The Leaven of the Pharisees and the Sadducees
1The Pharisees and Sadducees approached,#Mt 12:38–39; Mk 8:11–21; Lk 12:54–56 and tested him, asking him to show them a sign from heaven.#Lk 11:16; 1Co 1:22 2He replied, “When evening comes you say, ‘It will be good weather because the sky is red.’ 3And in the morning, ‘Today will be stormy because the sky is red and threatening.’ You#16:3 Other mss read Hypocrites! You know how to read the appearance of the sky, but you can’t read the signs of the times.#16:2–3 Other mss omit When (v. 2) through end of v. 3 4An evil and adulterous generation demands a sign, but no sign will be given to it except the sign of#16:4 Other mss add the prophet Jonah.”#Mt 4:13; 21:17; Lk 11:29 Then he left them and went away.
5The disciples reached the other shore,#16:5 Lit disciples went to the other side and they had forgotten to take bread. 6Then Jesus told them, “Watch out and beware of the leaven#16:6 Or yeast, also in vv. 11,12 of the Pharisees and Sadducees.”#Mt 3:7; 8:15; Lk 12:1; 1Co 5:6–8; Gl 5:9
7They were discussing among themselves, “We didn’t bring any bread.”
8Aware of this, Jesus said, “You of little faith,#Mt 6:30; 8:26; 14:31; Lk 12:28 why are you discussing among yourselves that you do not have bread? 9Don’t you understand yet? Don’t you remember the five loaves for the five thousand and how many baskets you collected? 10Or the seven loaves for the four thousand and how many large baskets you collected?#Mt 14:17–21; 15:34–38 11Why is it you don’t understand that when I told you, ‘Beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees,’ it wasn’t about bread?” #Mt 3:7; 16:6; Mk 8:15; Lk 12:1 12Then they understood that he had not told them to beware of the leaven in bread, but of the teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees.#Mt 5:20; 17:13; 23:3
Peter’s Confession of the Messiah
13When Jesus came to the region of Caesarea Philippi,#16:13 A town north of Galilee at the base of Mount Hermon#Mk 8:27–29; Lk 9:18–20 he asked his disciples, “Who do people say that the Son of Man is?” #16:13 Other mss read that I, the Son of Man, am
14They replied, “Some say John the Baptist; others, Elijah; still others, Jeremiah or one of the prophets.”#Mt 14:2; 17:10; Mk 6:15; Lk 9:8; Jn 1:21
15 “But you,” he asked them, “who do you say that I am?”
16Simon Peter answered, “You are the Messiah, the Son of the living God.”#Mt 1:16; Jn 11:27
17Jesus responded, “Blessed are you, Simon son of Jonah,#16:17 Or son of John#Jn 1:42; 21:15–17 because flesh and blood did not reveal this to you, but my Father in heaven.#1Co 15:50; Gl 1:16; Eph 6:12; Heb 2:14 18And I also say to you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church,#Mt 18:17; Ac 5:11; 7:38; 8:1,3; 9:31; 11:22,26 and the gates of Hades will not overpower it. 19I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven,#Is 22:22; Mt 18:18; Jn 20:23; Rv 1:18; 3:7 and whatever you bind on earth will have been bound#16:19 Or earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will have been loosed#16:19 Or earth will be loosed in heaven.” 20Then he gave the disciples orders to tell no one that he was#16:20 Other mss add Jesus the Messiah.#Mk 8:30; Lk 9:21
His Death and Resurrection Predicted
21From#Mk 8:31–9:1; Lk 9:22–27 then on Jesus began to point out to his disciples that it was necessary for him to go to Jerusalem and suffer many things from the elders, chief priests, and scribes, be killed, and be raised the third day.#Mt 17:9; 20:18; 27:63; Lk 24:7; Jn 2:19 22Peter took him aside and began to rebuke him, “Oh no,#16:22 Lit “Mercy to you = “May God have mercy on you Lord! This will never happen to you!”
23Jesus turned and told Peter, “Get behind me, Satan! You are a hindrance to me because you’re not thinking about God’s concerns#16:23 Lit about the things of God but human concerns.” #2Sm 19:22; Rm 8:5,7; Php 2:5; 3:19; Col 3:2
Take Up Your Cross
24Then Jesus said to his disciples, “If anyone wants to follow after me, let him deny himself, take up his cross, and follow me.#Mt 10:38; Lk 14:27 25For whoever wants to save his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life because of me will find it.#Mt 10:39; Jn 12:25 26For what will it benefit someone if he gains the whole world yet loses his life? Or what will anyone give in exchange for his life?#Ps 49:7–8; Lk 12:20 27For the Son of Man is going to come with his angels in the glory of his Father,#Mt 26:64; Mk 8:38; Ac 1:11; 1Th 1:10; 4:16; Rv 1:7 and then he will reward each according to what he has done. 28Truly I tell you, there are some standing here who will not taste death until they see the Son of Man coming in his kingdom.”#Mt 4:23; 10:23; Ac 20:25
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Matthew 16: CSB
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© 2017 Holman Bible Publishers
Matthew 16
16
Pharisees Test Jesus
1Now the Pharisees and Sadducees came up, and testing Jesus [to get something to use against Him], they asked Him to show them a sign from heaven [which would support His divine authority]. 2But He replied to them, “#Early mss do not contain the rest of v 2 and all of v 3 beginning with “When it is evening” in v 2.When it is evening, you say, ‘It will be fair weather, for the sky is red.’ 3And in the morning, ‘It will be stormy today, for the sky is red and has a threatening look.’ You know how to interpret the appearance of the sky, but cannot interpret the signs of the times? 4An evil and [morally] unfaithful generation craves a [miraculous] sign; but no sign will be given to it, except the sign of [the prophet] Jonah.” Then He left them and went away.
5When the disciples reached the other side of the sea, they realized that they had forgotten to bring bread. 6Jesus said to them, “Watch out and be on your guard against the #Here, leaven represents the man-made traditions and false teachings of the Pharisees which were preventing the nation of Israel from attaining right standing with God and from recognizing and accepting the Messiah.leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees.” 7They began to discuss this among themselves, saying, “He said that because we did not bring bread.” 8But Jesus, aware of this, said, “You men of little faith, why are you discussing among yourselves that you have no bread? 9Do you still not understand or remember the five loaves for the five thousand, and how many baskets you picked up? 10Or the seven loaves for the four thousand, and how many large baskets you picked up? 11How is it that you fail to understand that I was not talking to you about bread? But beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees.” 12Then they understood that He did not tell them to beware of the leaven of bread, but of the [false] teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees.
Peter’s Confession of Christ
13Now when Jesus went into the #In Jesus’ day this was Gentile territory. Today this region is known as the Golan Heights. The ancient city of Caesarea Philippi was located at the foot of Mt. Hermon, near the Banias Spring, one of the three springs which feeds into the Jordan River.region of Caesarea Philippi, He asked His disciples, “Who do people say that the Son of Man is?” 14And they answered, “Some say John the Baptist; others, Elijah; and still others, Jeremiah, or [just] one of the prophets.” 15He said to them, “But who do you say that I am?” 16Simon Peter replied, “You are the Christ (the Messiah, the Anointed), the Son of the living God.” 17Then Jesus answered him, “Blessed [happy, spiritually secure, favored by God] are you, Simon son of Jonah, because flesh and blood (mortal man) did not reveal this to you, but My Father who is in heaven. 18And I say to you that you are #Gr petros, a small or detached stone.Peter, and on this #Gr petra, bedrock or a huge rock. Jesus uses a simple play on the Greek words petros and petra in this verse. Throughout the N.T. Christ is clearly depicted as both the foundation petra and chief cornerstone of the church. Here He praises Peter for his accurate confession of faith in Him as Messiah. Peter explains the role of believers as “living stones” in the church which is built on Christ as the foundation and cornerstone (1 Pet 2:5, 6).#Gr petra, bedrock or a huge rock.rock I will build My church; and the #The physical death of Christ will not hinder the establishment of the church nor will death overtake the church.gates of Hades (death) will not overpower it [by preventing the resurrection of the Christ]. 19I will give you the keys (authority) of the kingdom of heaven; and whatever you bind [forbid, declare to be improper and unlawful] on earth #Gr estai dedemenon, future perfect passive referring to a state of having already been bound.will have [already] been bound in heaven, and whatever you loose [permit, declare lawful] on earth #Gr estai lelumenon, future perfect passive.will have [already] been loosed in heaven.” 20Then He gave the disciples strict orders to tell no one that He was the Christ (the Messiah, the Anointed).
Jesus Foretells His Death
21 # This marks a turning point in the book. 4:17 marked the beginning of Jesus’ public ministry offering the kingdom to Israel. Since Israel rejected the Messiah, the kingdom is held in abeyance and the Messiah must suffer death. But He had to die in any case to provide salvation. From that time on Jesus began to show His disciples [clearly] that He must go to Jerusalem, and endure many things at the hands of the elders and the chief priests and scribes (Sanhedrin, Jewish High Court), and be killed, and be raised [from death to life] on the third day. 22Peter took Him aside [to speak to Him privately] and began to reprimand Him, saying, “May God forbid it! This will never happen to You.” 23But Jesus turned and said to Peter, “Get behind Me, Satan! You are a stumbling block to Me; for you are not setting your mind on things of God, but on things of man.”
Discipleship Is Costly
24Then Jesus said to His disciples, “If anyone wishes to follow Me [as My disciple], he must deny himself [set aside selfish interests], and take up his cross [expressing a willingness to endure whatever may come] and follow Me [believing in Me, conforming to My example in living and, if need be, suffering or perhaps dying because of faith in Me]. 25For whoever wishes to save his life [in this world] will [eventually] lose it [through death], but whoever loses his life [in this world] for My sake will find it [that is, life with Me for all eternity]. 26For what will it profit a man if he gains the whole world [wealth, fame, success], but forfeits his soul? Or what will a man give in exchange for his soul? 27For the Son of Man is going to come in the glory and majesty of His Father with His angels, and then He will repay each one in accordance with what he has done.
28 “I assure you and most solemnly say to you, there are some of # Undoubtedly a reference to Peter, John, and James, who were to witness the transfiguration a few days later. those standing here who will not taste death before they see the Son of Man coming in His kingdom.”
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