2the sons of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras; 3the sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah; 4the sons of Javan: Elishah, Tarshish, Kittim, and Dodanim. 5From these, [the people of] the coastlands of the nations were separated and spread into their lands, every one #Here and in vv 20 and 31, references are made to the different languages, in anticipation of God’s judgment of Babel (11:7-9), which resulted in a proliferation of languages.according to his own language, according to their constituent groups (families), and into their nations:

6the sons of Ham: Cush, Mizraim [from whom descended the Egyptians], Put, and Canaan; 7the sons of Cush: Seba, Havilah, Sabtah, Raamah, and Sabteca; and the sons of Raamah; Sheba and Dedan. 8Cush became the father of Nimrod; he became a mighty one on the earth. 9He was a mighty hunter before the Lord; therefore it is said, “Like Nimrod a mighty hunter before the Lord.” 10The beginning of his kingdom was #Or Babylon.Babel and Erech and Accad and Calneh, in the land of Shinar [in Babylonia]. 11From that land Nimrod went to Assyria, and built Nineveh, and Rehoboth-Ir, and Calah, 12and [Nimrod built] Resen, which is between Nineveh and Calah; all these [combined to form] the great city [Nineveh]. 13Mizraim [the ancestor of the Egyptians] became the father of Ludim, Anamim, Lehabim, Naphtuhim 14and Pathrusim and Casluhim—from whom came the Philistines—and Caphtorim.

15Canaan became the father of Sidon, his firstborn, and Heth 16and the Jebusite and the Amorite and the Girgashite 17and the Hivite and the Arkite and the Sinite 18and the Arvadite and the Zemarite and the Hamathite. Afterward the families of the Canaanite were spread abroad. 19The territory of the Canaanite extended from Sidon as one goes to Gerar, as far as Gaza; and as one goes to #The fact that Genesis mentions the four cities of Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboiim as still standing testifies to the antiquity of this account. These cities of the plain were completely destroyed in Abraham’s time (Gen 19:27-29; Deut 29:23).Sodom and Gomorrah and Admah and Zeboiim, as far as Lasha. 20These are the descendants of Ham according to their constituent groups, according to their languages, by their lands, and by their nations.

21Also to Shem, the father of all the children of Eber [including the Hebrews], the #Or the brother of Japheth the elder.older brother of Japheth, children were born. 22The sons of Shem: Elam, Asshur, Arpachshad, Lud and Aram; 23the sons of Aram [ancestor of the Syrians]: Uz, Hul, Gether and #Also known as Meshech (1 Chr 1:17).Mash. 24Arpachshad became the father of Shelah; and Shelah became the father of Eber. 25Two sons were born to Eber; the name of one was Peleg (division), for [the inhabitants of] the earth were divided in his days; and his brother’s name was Joktan. 26Joktan became the father of Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah, 27and Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah, 28and #Also known as Ebal (1 Chr 1:22).Obal, Abimael, Sheba, 29and Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab; all these were the sons of Joktan. 30Now their territory extended from Mesha as one goes toward Sephar, to the hill country of the east. 31These are Shem’s descendants according to their constituent groups (families), according to their languages, by their lands, according to their nations.

32These are the families of the sons of Noah, according to their descendants, by their nations; and from these [people] the nations were separated and spread abroad on the earth after the flood.

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Berĕshith (Genesis) 10

1And this is the genealogy of the sons of Noaḥ: Shĕm, Ḥam, and Yapheth. And sons were born to them after the flood.

2The sons of Yapheth: Gomer, and Maḡoḡ, and Maḏai, and Yawan, and Tuḇal, and Mesheḵ, and Tiras.

3And the sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, and Riphath, and Toḡarmah.

4And the sons of Yawan: Elishah and Tarshish, Kittim and Doḏanim.

5From these the coastland peoples of the nations were separated into their lands, everyone according to his language, according to their clans, into their nations.

6And the sons of Ḥam: Kush, and Mitsrayim, and Put, and Kena‛an.

7And the sons of Kush: Seḇa, and Ḥawilah, and Saḇtah, and Ra‛mah, and Saḇteḵa. And the sons of Ra‛mah: Sheḇa and Deḏan.

8And Kush brought forth Nimroḏ, he began to be a mighty one on the earth.

9He was a mighty hunter before יהוה, therefore it is said, “Like Nimroḏ the mighty hunter before יהוה.”

10And the beginning of his reign was Baḇel, and Ereḵ, and Akkaḏ, and Kalnĕh, in the land of Shin‛ar.

11From that land he went to Ashshur and built Ninewĕh, and Reḥoḇoth Ir, and Kelaḥ,

12and Resen between Ninewĕh and Kelaḥ, the great city.

13And Mitsrayim brought forth Luḏim, and Anamim, and Lehaḇim, and Naphtuḥim,

14and Pathrusim, and Kasluḥim, from whom came the Philistines and Kaphtorim.

15And Kena‛an brought forth Tsiḏon his first-born, and Ḥĕth,

16and the Yeḇusite, and the Amorite, and the Girgashite,

17and the Ḥiwwite, and the Arqite, and the Sinite,

18and the Arwaḏite, and the Tsemarite, and the Ḥamathite. And afterward the clans of the Kena‛anites were spread abroad.

19And the border of the Kena‛anites was from Tsiḏon as you go toward Gerar, as far as Azzah, as you go toward Seḏom, and Amorah, and Aḏmah, and Tseḇoyim, as far as Lasha.

20These were the sons of Ḥam, according to their clans, according to their languages, in their lands, in their nations.

21And also to Shĕm, the father of all the children of Ěḇer, the brother of Yapheth the elder, children were born.

22The sons of Shĕm: Ěylam, and Asshur, and Arpaḵshaḏ, and Luḏ, and Aram.

23And the sons of Aram: Uts, and Ḥul, and Gether, and Mash.

24And Arpaḵshaḏ brought forth Shelaḥ, and Shelaḥ brought forth Ěḇer.

25And to Ěḇer were born two sons, the name of one was Peleḡ, for in his days the earth was divided, and his brother’s name was Yoqtan.

26And Yoqtan brought forth Almoḏaḏ, and Sheleph, and Ḥatsarmaweth, and Yeraḥ,

27and Haḏoram, and Uzal, and Diqlah,

28and Oḇal, and Aḇima’ĕl, and Sheḇa,

29and Ophir, and Ḥawilah, and Yoḇaḇ. All these were sons of Yoqtan.

30And their dwelling place was from Mĕysha as you go toward Sephar, a mountain of the east.

31These were the sons of Shĕm, according to their clans, according to their languages, in their lands, according to their nations.

32These were the clans of the sons of Noaḥ, according to their generations, in their nations. And from these the nations were divided on the earth after the flood.

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Genesis 10

Berĕshith (Genesis) 10