Mattityahu 22
22
1And, in reply, Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach again spoke in meshalim (parables) to them, saying,
2The Malchut HaShomayim is like a man, a Melech (King), who prepared a feast for the chasunoh (wedding) of Bno.
3And the Melech sent out his servants to summon the Bnei HaChuppah#22:3 Mt 9:15 (wedding invitees) to the chasunoh, and they did not want to come.
4Again, the Melech sent out other servants, saying, Tell the Bnei HaChuppah, the wedding invitees, Hinei! My Seudah I have prepared, my oxen and fattened calves have been slaughtered, and everything is ready: Come to the chasunoh!
5But the Bnei HaChuppah, the chasunoh invitees, having treated it all as a mere trifle, departed, one to his farmerʼs field, one to his business.
6Meanwhile, the others seized the Mesharetim HaMelech (Ministers of the King) and abused them and killed them.
7So the Melech was angry and, having sent his armies, the King destroyed those ratzchaniyot (murderers), and their city he burned.
8Then the King says to his ministers, The chasunoh is ready, but the invited ones were not worthy.
9Therefore, go to the intersections of the streets, and, whoever you find, invite as muzmanim (guests) to the chasunoh.
10And having gone out to the highways, those ministers congregated everyone they found, rah and tov, and the chasunoh was filled with muzmanim (guests).
11And the Melech, having entered to see the ones sitting bimesibba (reclining at tish), spotted there a man lacking the attire proper for the chasunoh.#22:11 See Jn 3:3,5
12And the Melech says to him, Chaver, how did you get in here, not having the attire proper for the chasunoh? But the man had nothing to say.
13Then the King said to the servants, Bind him feet and hands and expel him into the outer choshech, where there will be weeping and grinding of teeth.
14For the invited ones are many, but the nivcharim (chosen ones) are few.
15Then, having departed, the Perushim took counsel together so that they might entrap Yehoshua in his own words.
16And they are sending to Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach their talmidim with the Herodians, saying, Rabbi, we know that you are an ehrliche Yid (a good Jew) and of the Derech Hashem you give Divrei Torah in Emes, and you show no deference to flesh, for you are impartial toward Bnei Adam.
17Therefore, tell us what to you seems right: is it mutar (permissible) to pay poll tax to Caesar or not?
18But he, having known their rah (evil), said to them, Why do you test me, tzevuim?
19Show me the coin of the poll tax. And they brought to Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach a denarius.
20And Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach says to them, Whose image is this and whose title?
21They say to him, Caesarʼs. Then Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach says to them, Give, therefore, unto Caesar the things of Caesar, and the things of Hashem, give unto Hashem.
22And having heard this, they were amazed and, having left Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach, they went away.
23On that day some Tzedukim (Sadducees) approached Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach, saying, There is no Techiyas HaMesim! And they interrogated Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach,
24Saying, Rabbi, Moshe Rabbenu said that if someone dies, not having banim, his brother shall marry his isha (wife) to raise up zera (seed) for his brother.
25Now there were among us shiva achim (seven brothers), and the first, having married, died. And not having zera (offspring), left his isha to his brother.
26Likewise, also the second brother, and the third, up to the seventh.
27And last of all, the isha died.
28In the Techiyas HaMesim, therefore, she will be the wife of which of the seven? For all had her.
29And Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach said in reply to them, You are in error, not having known the Kitvei Hakodesh or the gevurat Hashem (power of G-d).
30For in the Techiyas HaMesim they neither marry nor are given in marriage, but are like the malachim in Shomayim.
31But concerning the Techiyas HaMesim, have you not read the thing spoken to you by Hashem, saying,
32ANOCHI ELOHEI AVRAHAM ELOHEI YITZCHAK VEELOHEI Ya'akov (I am the G-d of Avraham, the G-d of Yitzchak, and the G-d of Ya'akov)?#22:32 Ex 3:6 Hashem is not the G-d of the Mesim (dead ones) but the G-d of the Chayyim (living).
33And having heard this, the multitudes were amazed at Moshiachʼs torah (teaching).
34But the Perushim, having heard that he silenced the Tzedukim, assembled together,
35And one of them, a Baal Torah (learned Torah scholar, a Ben Torah), tried to trip up Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach with a she'elah (question):
36Rabbi, which mitzvah is gedolah (great) in the Torah?
37And Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach gave this teshuva (answer) to the Baal Torah, VAHAVTAH ES ADONOI ELOHEICHA BCHOL LEVAVCHA UVCHOL NAFSHECHA UVCHOL MODECHA (And thou shalt love the L-rd thy G-d with all thy heart and with all thy soul and with all thy might).#22:37 Dt 6:5
38This is the gedolah and rishonah mitzvah.
39And the second mitzvah is like it: VAHAVTAH L'REIACHA KAMOCHA (And thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself).#22:39 Lv 19:18
40On these two mitzvot hang the entire Torah and the Neviim.
41And, the Perushim, having been assembled, Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach confronted with this she'elah,
42Saying, What do you think concerning the Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach? Whose Ben is he? The Perushim gave this teshuva (answer) to him: Ben Dovid.
43Moshiach says to them, How then can Dovid, in the Ruach Hakodesh, call Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach Adon? …saying
44NEUM HASHEM LADONI, SHEV LIMINI AD ASHIT OYVECHA HADOM LERAGLECHA#22:44 Ps 110:1 (Utterance of Hashem to my L-rd, Sit at My right hand until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet).
45Therefore, if Dovid calls him Adon,#22:45 i.e., Adoneinu how is Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach [merely] Ben Dovid?#22:45 c.f. Mal 3:1; Zech 4:14
46And no one was able to give an answer to him, nor did anyone dare to pose another she'elah (question) to Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach from that day on.
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Mattityahu 22: TOJB2011
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THE ORTHODOX JEWISH BIBLE
FOURTH EDITION © Artists For Israel Intl Inc., 2002-2011, 2021.
Matthew 22
22
Parable of the Wedding Feast
1As was his custom, Jesus continued to teach the people by using allegories. 2He illustrated the reality of heaven’s kingdom realm by saying, “There once was a king who arranged an extravagant wedding feast for his son. # 22:2 See Isa. 25:6–8. 3On the day the festivities were set to begin, he sent his servants # 22:3 God is the king who prepares his kingdom feast for his Son, Jesus Christ. The messenger-servants are the prophets he sends to summon the people to enter into the love feast of Jesus. It is all about the wedding of the Lamb to the bride of Christ. What a glorious feast is prepared for us! to summon all the invited guests, but they chose not to come. 4So the king sent even more servants to inform the invited guests, saying, ‘Come, for the sumptuous feast is now ready! The oxen and fattened cattle have been killed and everything is prepared, so come! Come to the wedding feast for my son and his bride!’
5“But the invited guests were not impressed. One was preoccupied with his business; another went off to his farming enterprise. 6And the rest seized the king’s messengers and shamefully mistreated them, and even killed them. 7This infuriated the king! So he sent his soldiers to execute those murderers and had their city burned to the ground. # 22:7 This was fulfilled by the Roman prince Titus (who eventually became emperor of Rome) in the Roman war of AD 67–70.
8“Then the king said to his servants, ‘The wedding feast is ready, yet those who had been invited to attend didn’t deserve the honor. 9Now I want you to go into the streets and alleyways # 22:9 The Aramaic is “go to the ends of the roads.” and invite anyone and everyone you find to come and enjoy the wedding feast in honor of my son.’
10“So the servants went out into the city streets and invited everyone to come to the wedding feast, good and bad alike, until the banquet hall was crammed with people! 11Now, when the king entered the banquet hall, he looked with glee over all his guests. But then he noticed a guest who was not wearing the wedding robe provided for him. # 22:11 Those invited to come from the streets had no opportunity to buy wedding clothes. This wedding robe is a picture of the garment of righteousness that grace provides for us. The man without the wedding garment had one provided, but he didn’t want to change into new clothes. A change is necessary, for our King provides garments of white linen for us to wear, our wedding garments. See Isa. 52:1; Rev. 19:8. 12So he said, ‘My friend, how is it that you’re here and you’re not wearing your wedding garment?’ But the man was speechless.
13“Then the king turned to his servants and said, ‘Tie him up and throw him into the outer darkness, # 22:13 The Hebrew Matthew is “the lowest hell [sheol].” where there will be great sorrow, with weeping and grinding of teeth.’ 14For everyone is invited # 22:14 Or “Many are called.” This can be understood to be a Semitic figure of speech that universalizes the invitation. See also Matt. 20:28. to enter in, but few respond in excellence.” # 22:14 The Greek word eklektoi can mean “chosen,” but it can also be translated “worthy,” “pure,” “choice,” “excellent.” See 2 John 1, 13.
The Pharisees Try to Entrap Jesus
15Then the Pharisees came together to make a plan to entrap Jesus with his own words. 16So they sent some of their disciples together with some staunch supporters of Herod. # 22:16 The Hebrew Matthew is “They took violent men from Herod.” The Aramaic is “They took men from Herod’s household.” By bringing with them loyalists to Rome (Herodians), the Pharisees were convinced that Jesus would offend either the Jews, who despised paying the “poll tax” required of every adult male, or those political followers of Herod who sided with the Roman occupation. They said to Jesus, “Teacher, we know that you’re an honest man of integrity and you teach us the truth of God’s ways. We can clearly see that you’re not one who speaks only to win the people’s favor, because you speak the truth without regard to the consequences. # 22:16 Or “You don’t look into the faces of men [before you speak the truth].” 17So tell us, then, what you think. Is it proper for us Jews to pay taxes to Caesar or not?”
18Jesus knew the malice that was hidden behind their cunning ploy and said, “Why are you testing me, you imposters who think you have all the answers? 19Show me one of the Roman coins.” So they brought him a silver coin used to pay the tax. 20“Now, tell me, whose head is on this coin and whose inscription is stamped on it?”
21“Caesar’s,” they replied.
Jesus said, “Precisely, for the coin bears the image of the emperor Caesar. # 22:21 Actual coins from that era have been found with the emperor’s image and a superscription saying, “Tiberius Caesar Augustus, son of the divine Augustus.” Well, then, you should pay the emperor what is due to the emperor. But because you bear the image of God, # 22:21 The coin belongs to Caesar because it carries his image. We have an obligation to God because we carry his image. give back to God all that belongs to him.”
22The imposters were baffled in the presence of all the people. When they realized once again that they were unable to trap Jesus, they went away stunned.
Marriage and the Resurrection
23Some of the Sadducees, a religious group that denied there was a resurrection of the dead, # 22:23 The Aramaic clearly states that the Sadducees said to Jesus, “There is no life after death.” came to ask Jesus this question: 24“Teacher, the law of Moses teaches that if a man dies before he has children, his brother should marry the widow and raise up children for his brother’s family line. # 22:24 See Deut. 25:5–10. 25Now, there was a family with seven brothers. The oldest got married but soon died, leaving his widow for his brother. 26The second brother married and also died, and the third also. This was repeated down to the seventh brother, 27when finally the woman also died. So here’s our dilemma: 28Which of the seven brothers will be the woman’s husband when she’s resurrected from the dead, since they all were once married to her?”
29Jesus answered them, “You are deluded, because your hearts are not filled with the revelation of the Scriptures or the power of God. 30For after the resurrection, men and women will not marry, just like the angels of heaven don’t marry. 31Haven’t you read what God said: 32‘I am the Living God, # 22:32 As translated from the Aramaic and implied in the Greek. the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob’? God is not the God of the dead, but of the living.” # 22:32 The implication Jesus is making is that Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob were all alive (in glory) when God spoke to Moses in the burning bush. See Ex. 3:6.
33When the crowds heard this they were dazed and astonished over his teaching! # 22:33 As translated from the Hebrew Matthew. The Greek is “teaching.”
The Greatest Commandment
34When the Pharisees heard that Jesus had silenced the Sadducees, they called a meeting to discuss how to trap Jesus. 35Then one of them, a religious scholar, posed this question to test him: 36“Teacher, which commandment in the law is the greatest?”
37Jesus answered him, “ ‘Love # 22:37 The Hebrew Matthew is “worship,” also quoted as “worship” by Justin Martyr (ca. AD 165), First Apology XXI. the Lord your God with every passion of your heart, with all the energy of your being, and with every thought that is within you.’ # 22:37 Or “with all your mind.” See Deut. 6:5. 38This is the great and supreme commandment. 39And the second is like it in importance: ‘You must love your friend # 22:39 As translated from the Aramaic word kareb, which means “one who is close to you” (emotionally or by proximity). The Greek is “neighbor.” in the same way you love yourself.’ # 22:39 See Lev. 19:18. 40Contained within these commandments to love you will find all the meaning of the Law and the Prophets.”
Jesus, Son of David—Lord of David
41While all the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus took the opportunity to pose a question of his own: 42“What do you think about the Anointed One? Whose son is he?”
“The son of David,” they replied.
43Then Jesus said to them, “How is it that David, inspired by the Holy Spirit, could call his son the Lord? For didn’t he say:
44The Lord said to my Lord,
‘Sit beside me in the place of authority
until I subdue all your enemies under your feet’? # 22:44 See Ps. 110:1, which is the Old Testament passage of Scripture most often quoted in the New Testament.
45“So how could David call his own son ‘the Lord’?” # 22:45 As translated from the Aramaic. To those who insisted on only interpreting the Scriptures literally, Jesus was proving there was a deeper spiritual interpretation. To say the Messiah would be the Son of David means that the Anointed One would manifest the qualities and devotion that David walked in. A true “spiritual” son of David.
46No one could come up with an answer. And from that day on none of the Pharisees had the courage to question Jesus any longer.
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