Matthew 10
10
The Mission of the Twelve Apostles
Mk 3:13–19; Lk 6:12–16
1#Mk 3:13–15; 6:7–13He called His twelve disciples to Him and gave them authority over unclean spirits, to cast them out, and to heal all kinds of sickness and all kinds of disease.
2#Mt 4:18; 4:21Now the names of the twelve apostles are these: first, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew, his brother; James, the son of Zebedee, and John, his brother; 3#Mk 3:18; Ac 1:13; Mt 9:9Philip and Bartholomew; Thomas, and Matthew, the tax collector; James, the son of Alphaeus; and Lebbaeus, whose surname was Thaddaeus; 4#Mt 26:14; Jn 13:2Simon the Zealot; and Judas Iscariot, who also betrayed Him.
The Commissioning of the Twelve Apostles
Mk 6:7–13; Lk 9:1–6
5#Jn 4:9; 2Ki 17:24–41These twelve Jesus sent out, and commanded them, saying, “Do not go into the way of the Gentiles, and do not enter any city of the Samaritans. 6#Jer 50:6; Ps 119:176But go rather to the lost sheep of the house of Israel. 7#Mt 3:2; 4:17As you go, preach, saying, ‘The kingdom of heaven is at hand.’ 8#Ac 3:6Heal the sick, cleanse the lepers, raise the dead, and cast out demons. Freely you have received, freely give.
9#Lk 22:35“Provide neither gold nor silver nor copper for your purses, 10nor bag for your journey, nor two tunics, nor shoes, nor even staffs. For the workman is worthy of his keep.
11“In whatever city or town you enter, inquire in it who is worthy. And live there until you leave. 12#1Sa 25:6When you come into a house, greet it. 13If the house is worthy, let your peace come upon it. But if it is not worthy, let your peace return to you. 14#Ac 13:51; Ne 5:13Whoever will not receive you, nor hear your words, when you depart out of that house or city, shake off the dust of your feet. 15#Mt 12:36; 2Pe 2:9Truly I say to you, it will be more tolerable for the land of Sodom and Gomorrah on the Day of Judgment than for that town.
Coming Persecutions
Mk 13:9–13; Lk 21:12–17
16#Lk 10:3; Ge 3:1“Look, I am sending you out as sheep in the midst of wolves. Therefore be wise as serpents and harmless as doves. 17#Mk 13:9; Mt 23:34; 5:22But beware of men, for they will deliver you up to the councils, and they will scourge you in their synagogues. 18#Mt 8:4You will be brought before governors and kings for My sake, for a testimony against them and the Gentiles. 19#Ex 4:12; Mt 6:25But when they deliver you up, take no thought of how or what you will speak. For it will be given you at that time what you will speak. 20#Ac 4:8; 6:10For it is not you who speak, but the Spirit of your Father who speaks through you.
21“The brother will deliver up the brother to death, and the father the child. And the children will rise up against their parents and cause them to be put to death. 22#Mt 24:13; Mk 13:13; Mt 24:9You will be hated by all men for My name’s sake. But he who endures to the end will be saved. 23#Mt 16:28; Ac 8:1But when they persecute you in this city, escape into another. For truly I say to you, you will not have gone through the cities of Israel before the Son of Man comes.
24#Lk 6:40; Jn 13:16“The disciple is not above his teacher, nor the servant above his master. 25#Mk 3:22; Mt 9:34It is enough for the disciple that he be like his teacher, and the servant like his master. If they have called the master of the house Beelzebub, how much more will they call those of his household?
Whom to Fear
Lk 12:2–7
26#Mk 4:22; Lk 8:17“Therefore do not fear them. For nothing is covered that will not be revealed, or hidden that will not be known. 27#Ac 5:20What I tell you in darkness, speak in the light. And what you hear in the ear, preach on the housetops. 28#Isa 8:12–13; 51:12Do not fear those who kill the body but are not able to kill the soul. But rather fear Him who is able to destroy both soul and body in hell. 29Are not two sparrows sold for a penny? And not one of them will fall to the ground without your Father. 30#1Sa 14:45; 2Sa 14:11But the very hairs of your head are all numbered. 31#Mt 6:26Therefore do not fear. You are more valuable than many sparrows.
Confessing and Denying Christ
Lk 12:8–9
32#Rev 3:5; Ro 10:9–10“Whoever will confess Me before men, him will I confess also before My Father who is in heaven. 33#2Ti 2:12; Mk 8:38But whoever will deny Me before men, him will I also deny before My Father who is in heaven.
Not Peace, but a Sword
Lk 12:51–53; 14:26–27
34“Do not think that I have come to bring peace on earth. I did not come to bring peace, but a sword. 35#Mt 10:21For I have come to turn
‘a man against his father,
a daughter against her mother,
and a daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law;
36#Mic 7:6; Ps 41:9 a man’s foes will be those of his own household.’
37#Lk 14:26; Dt 33:9“He who loves father or mother more than Me is not worthy of Me. And he who loves son or daughter more than Me is not worthy of Me. 38#Mt 16:24; Lk 14:27And He who does not take his cross and follow after Me is not worthy of Me. 39#Lk 17:33; Jn 12:25He who finds his life will lose it, and he who loses his life for My sake will find it.
Rewards
Mk 9:41
40#Mt 18:5; Lk 9:48“He who receives you receives Me, and he who receives Me receives Him who sent Me. 41#3Jn 1:5–8He who receives a prophet in the name of a prophet shall receive a prophet’s reward. And he who receives a righteous man in the name of a righteous man shall receive a righteous man’s reward. 42#Mt 25:40; Heb 6:10And whoever gives even a cup of cold water to one of these little ones in the name of a disciple, truly I tell you, he shall in no way lose his reward.”
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Military Bible Association
Matthew 10
10
The Twelve Disciples; Instructions for Service
1Jesus summoned His twelve disciples and gave them authority and power over unclean spirits, to cast them out, and to heal every kind of disease and every kind of sickness.
2Now these are the names of the twelve #In general usage the word “apostle” (Gr apostolos) means “sent one” or “messenger.” In this passage and others in reference to the “twelve,” the word “apostles” is used in a technical sense of the twelve disciples, and later Paul, whom Jesus chose. An apostle was one who witnessed Christ’s resurrection (Acts 1:21, 22; 1 Cor 9:1, 2). They validated their apostleship by performing “signs and wonders and miracles” (2 Cor 12:12), and were the foundation of the church.apostles (special messengers, personally chosen representatives): first, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew, his brother; #It is believed that Salome, Zebedee’s wife and the mother of James and John was a sister of Mary, the mother of Jesus.James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother; 3Philip and Bartholomew (Nathanael); Thomas and Matthew (Levi) the tax collector; #Also known as James the Less or James the Younger. It is believed that his mother, Mary (Gr Maria), was a sister or sister-in-law of Mary, the mother of Jesus (John 19:25).James the son of #Possibly the Hebrew or Syriac name of the same person: Clopas. He may be the “Cleopas” mentioned in Luke 24:18.Alphaeus, and Thaddaeus (Judas, not Iscariot); 4Simon the Cananaean (Zealot), and Judas Iscariot, the one who betrayed Him.
5Jesus sent out these twelve, instructing them: “Do not go among the Gentiles, and do not go into a city of the Samaritans; 6but rather go to the lost sheep of the house of Israel. 7And as you go, preach, saying, ‘The kingdom of heaven is at hand.’ 8Heal the sick, raise the dead, cleanse the lepers, cast out demons. Freely you have received, freely give. 9Do not take gold, or silver, or [even] copper money in your money belt, 10or a provision bag for your journey, or even two tunics, or sandals, or a staff; for the worker deserves his support. 11Whatever city or village you enter, ask who in it is worthy [who welcomes you and your message], and stay at his house until you leave [that city]. 12As you go into the house, give it your greeting [that is, ‘Peace be to this house’]. 13If [the family living in] the house is worthy [welcoming you and your message], give it your [blessing of] #I.e. “shalom” is to come upon this house.peace [that is, a blessing of well-being and prosperity, the favor of God]. But if it is not worthy, take back your blessing of peace. 14Whoever does not welcome you, nor listen to your message, as you leave that house or city, #A symbolic act expressing contempt.shake the dust [of it] off your feet [in contempt, breaking all ties]. 15I assure you and most solemnly say to you, it will be more tolerable on the day of judgment for the land of #The cities destroyed by God because of the sinfulness of their people (Gen 19:1-29).Sodom and Gomorrah than for that city [since it rejected the Messiah’s messenger].
A Hard Road before Them
16 “Listen carefully: I am sending you out like sheep among wolves; so be wise as serpents, and innocent as doves [have no self-serving agenda]. 17Beware of men [whose nature is to act in opposition to God], for they will hand you over to the courts and flog you in their synagogues; 18and you will be brought before governors and kings for My sake, as witnesses to them and to the Gentiles. 19But when they hand you over, do not worry about how or what you are to say; for what you are to say will be given you within that [very] hour; 20for it is not you speaking, but the Spirit of your Father speaking through you.
21 “Brother will betray brother to death, and the father his child; and children will rise up and rebel against their parents and cause them to be put to death. 22And you will be hated by everyone because of [your association with] My name, but it is the one who has patiently persevered and endured to the end who will be saved.
23 “When they persecute you in one city [because of your faith in Me], flee to the next; for I assure you and most solemnly say to you, you will not finish going through all the cities of Israel before the Son of Man comes.
The Meaning of Discipleship
24 “A disciple is not above his teacher, nor is a bond-servant above his master. 25It is enough for the disciple to be like his teacher, and the bond-servant like his master. If they have called the head of the house #I.e. an idol worshiped in the Philistine city of Ekron: Baal Zebul, lord of the high places or Baal Zebub, lord of the flies.Beelzebul (Satan), how much more [will they speak evil of] the members of his household.
26 “So do not be afraid of them, for nothing is hidden that will not be revealed [at the judgment], or kept secret that will not be made known [at the judgment]. 27What I say to you in the dark (privately), tell in the light (publicly); and what you hear whispered in your ear, proclaim from the housetops [to many people]. 28Do not be afraid of those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul; but rather be afraid of Him who can destroy both soul and body in hell. 29Are not two little sparrows sold for a #Gr assarion, a Roman coin equal to a 16th of a denarius (the denarius was counted as a day’s wages for an unskilled worker).copper coin? And yet not one of them falls to the ground apart from your Father’s will. 30But even the very hairs of your head are all numbered [for the Father is sovereign and has complete knowledge]. 31So do not fear; you are more valuable than many sparrows.
32 “Therefore, the one who # The word “confess” used in conjunction with “before” connotes a legal statement or a testimony in a legal setting. confesses and acknowledges Me before men [as Lord and Savior, affirming a state of oneness with Me], that one I will also confess and acknowledge before My Father who is in heaven. 33But the one who denies and rejects Me before men, that one I will also deny and reject before My Father who is in heaven.
34 “Do not think that I have come to bring peace on the earth; I have not come to bring peace, but a sword [of division between belief and unbelief]. 35For I have come to set a man against his father, and a daughter against her mother, and a daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law; 36and a man’s enemies will be the members of his [own] household [when one believes and another does not].
37 “ # Commitment to Jesus takes precedence over all else. He who loves father or mother more than Me is not worthy of Me; and he who loves son or daughter more than Me is not worthy of Me. 38And he who does not take his #The historical background behind this statement is that those who were about to be crucified had to carry the crossbeam to which they would be nailed or bound. In addition to the terrible agony that crucifixion inflicted, it was such a great indignity that some of the Roman writers used the word cross as a curse word in the expression “Go to a bad cross!” (Lat i in malam crucem).cross [expressing a willingness to endure whatever may come] and follow Me [believing in Me, conforming to My example in living and, if need be, suffering or perhaps dying because of faith in Me] is not worthy of Me. 39Whoever finds his life [in this world] will [eventually] lose it [through death], and whoever loses his life [in this world] for My sake will find it [that is, life with Me for all eternity].
The Reward of Service
40 “He who receives and welcomes you receives Me, and he who receives Me receives Him who sent Me. 41He who receives and welcomes a prophet because he is a prophet will receive a prophet’s reward; and he who receives a righteous (honorable) man because he is a righteous man will receive a righteous man’s reward. 42And whoever gives to one of these little ones [these who are humble in rank or influence] even a cup of cold water to drink because he is my disciple, truly I say to you, he will not lose his reward.”
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