Matthew 23
23
A Warning Against Hypocrisy
1Then Jesus said to the crowds and to his disciples: 2“The teachers of the law and the Pharisees sit in Moses’ seat. 3So you must be careful to do everything they tell you. But do not do what they do, for they do not practice what they preach. 4They tie up heavy, cumbersome loads and put them on other people’s shoulders, but they themselves are not willing to lift a finger to move them.
5 “Everything they do is done for people to see: They make their phylacteries # 23:5 That is, boxes containing Scripture verses, worn on forehead and arm wide and the tassels on their garments long; 6they love the place of honor at banquets and the most important seats in the synagogues; 7they love to be greeted with respect in the marketplaces and to be called ‘Rabbi’ by others.
8 “But you are not to be called ‘Rabbi,’ for you have one Teacher, and you are all brothers. 9And do not call anyone on earth ‘father,’ for you have one Father, and he is in heaven. 10Nor are you to be called instructors, for you have one Instructor, the Messiah. 11The greatest among you will be your servant. 12For those who exalt themselves will be humbled, and those who humble themselves will be exalted.
Seven Woes on the Teachers of the Law and the Pharisees
13 “Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You shut the door of the kingdom of heaven in people’s faces. You yourselves do not enter, nor will you let those enter who are trying to. [14]#23:14 Some manuscripts include here words similar to Mark 12:40 and Luke 20:47.
15 “Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You travel over land and sea to win a single convert, and when you have succeeded, you make them twice as much a child of hell as you are.
16 “Woe to you, blind guides! You say, ‘If anyone swears by the temple, it means nothing; but anyone who swears by the gold of the temple is bound by that oath.’ 17You blind fools! Which is greater: the gold, or the temple that makes the gold sacred? 18You also say, ‘If anyone swears by the altar, it means nothing; but anyone who swears by the gift on the altar is bound by that oath.’ 19You blind men! Which is greater: the gift, or the altar that makes the gift sacred? 20Therefore, anyone who swears by the altar swears by it and by everything on it. 21And anyone who swears by the temple swears by it and by the one who dwells in it. 22And anyone who swears by heaven swears by God’s throne and by the one who sits on it.
23 “Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You give a tenth of your spices—mint, dill and cumin. But you have neglected the more important matters of the law—justice, mercy and faithfulness. You should have practiced the latter, without neglecting the former. 24You blind guides! You strain out a gnat but swallow a camel.
25 “Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You clean the outside of the cup and dish, but inside they are full of greed and self-indulgence. 26Blind Pharisee! First clean the inside of the cup and dish, and then the outside also will be clean.
27 “Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You are like whitewashed tombs, which look beautiful on the outside but on the inside are full of the bones of the dead and everything unclean. 28In the same way, on the outside you appear to people as righteous but on the inside you are full of hypocrisy and wickedness.
29 “Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You build tombs for the prophets and decorate the graves of the righteous. 30And you say, ‘If we had lived in the days of our ancestors, we would not have taken part with them in shedding the blood of the prophets.’ 31So you testify against yourselves that you are the descendants of those who murdered the prophets. 32Go ahead, then, and complete what your ancestors started!
33 “You snakes! You brood of vipers! How will you escape being condemned to hell? 34Therefore I am sending you prophets and sages and teachers. Some of them you will kill and crucify; others you will flog in your synagogues and pursue from town to town. 35And so upon you will come all the righteous blood that has been shed on earth, from the blood of righteous Abel to the blood of Zechariah son of Berekiah, whom you murdered between the temple and the altar. 36Truly I tell you, all this will come on this generation.
37 “Jerusalem, Jerusalem, you who kill the prophets and stone those sent to you, how often I have longed to gather your children together, as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, and you were not willing. 38Look, your house is left to you desolate. 39For I tell you, you will not see me again until you say, ‘Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord.’#23:39 Psalm 118:26”
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Matthew 23
23
The Denouncing of the Scribes and Pharisees
Mk 12:38–40; Lk 11:37–52; 20:45–47
1Then Jesus said to the crowds and to His disciples, 2#Ezr 7:6; 7:25“The scribes and the Pharisees sit in Moses’ seat. 3Therefore, whatever they tell you to observe, that observe and do, but do not do their works. For they speak, but do nothing. 4#Lk 11:46; Ac 15:10They fasten heavy loads that are hard to carry and lay them on men’s shoulders, but they themselves will not move them with their finger.
5#Dt 6:8; Mt 9:20“They do all their works to be seen by men. They make their Scripture boxes broad and lengthen the tassels on their prayer shawls. 6They love the places of honor at feasts, and the prominent seats in the synagogues, 7#Jn 1:38; 1:49and greetings in the marketplaces, and being called ‘Rabbi’ by men.
8#Jas 3:1; Mt 23:10“But do not be called ‘Rabbi,’ for you have one Teacher, the Christ, and you are all brothers. 9#Mal 1:6; Mt 7:11And call no man on earth your father, for you have one Father, who is in heaven. 10Nor be called teachers, for you have one Teacher, the Christ. 11He who is greatest among you shall be your servant. 12#Lk 14:11; 18:14For he who exalts himself will be humbled, and he who humbles himself will be exalted.
13#Lk 11:52; Mt 23:27“Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! You shut the kingdom of heaven against men. For you neither enter yourselves, nor allow those who are entering to go in. 14#Mk 12:40; Lk 20:47Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! You devour widows’ houses and for pretense make long prayers. Therefore you will receive the greater condemnation.
15#Ac 13:43; 2:10“Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! You travel sea and land to make one proselyte, and when he becomes one, you make him twice as much a son of hell as yourselves.
16#Mt 15:14; 23:24“Woe to you, blind guides, who say, ‘If anyone swears by the temple, it is nothing. But if anyone swears by the gold of the temple, he is obligated.’ 17#Mt 23:19You blind fools! Which is greater, the gold or the temple that sanctifies the gold? 18And you say, ‘If anyone swears by the altar, it is nothing. But if anyone swears by the gift on it, he is obligated.’ 19#Ex 29:37You blind fools! Which is greater, the gift or the altar that sanctifies the gift? 20Therefore he who swears by the altar, swears by it and by all things on it. 21#1Ki 8:13; Ps 26:8But he who swears by the temple, swears by it and by Him who dwells in it. 22#Mt 5:34; Ps 11:4And he who swears by heaven, swears by the throne of God and by Him who sits on it.
23#Lk 11:42; Mic 6:8; 1Sa 15:22“Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! You tithe mint and dill and cumin, but have neglected the weightier matters of the law: justice and mercy and faith. These you ought to have done without leaving the others undone. 24#Mt 19:24You blind guides who strain out a gnat and swallow a camel!
25#Mt 15:19–20; Lk 11:39–40“Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! You cleanse the outside of the cup and dish, but inside they are full of extortion and greed. 26You blind Pharisee, first cleanse the inside of the cup and dish, that the outside of them may also be clean.
27#Lk 11:44; Ac 23:3“Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! You are like whitewashed tombs, which indeed appear beautiful outwardly, but inside are full of dead men’s bones and of all uncleanness. 28#Mt 23:5So you also outwardly appear righteous to men, but inside you are full of hypocrisy and iniquity.
29#Lk 11:47–48“Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! You build the tombs of the prophets, and adorn the memorials of the righteous, 30and say, ‘If we lived in the days of our fathers, we would not have partaken with them in shedding the blood of the prophets.’ 31#Ac 7:51–52Therefore you are witnesses against yourselves that you are sons of those who murdered the prophets. 32#Ge 15:16Fill up, then, the measure of your fathers’ guilt.
33#Mt 3:7; 12:34“You serpents! You generation of vipers! How can you escape the judgment of hell? 34#Mt 10:16–17; 10:23Therefore I send you prophets, and wise men, and scribes. Some of them you will kill and crucify, and some you will scourge in your synagogues and persecute them from city to city, 35#Ge 4:8; Zec 1:1that on you may come all the righteous blood shed on the earth, from the blood of righteous Abel to the blood of Zechariah son of Berekiah, whom you murdered between the temple and the altar. 36#Mt 24:34; 10:23Truly I say to you, all these things will come on this generation.
The Lament Over Jerusalem
Lk 13:34–35
37#Ru 2:12; Mt 5:12“O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, you who kill the prophets and stone those who are sent to you, how often I would have gathered your children together as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, but you would not! 38#Jer 22:5Look, your house is left to you desolate. 39#Ps 118:26; Mt 21:9For I tell you, you shall not see Me again until you say, ‘Blessed is He who comes in the name of the Lord.’#Ps 118:26.”
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