Matthew 24
24
The Destruction of the Temple
1 Now#tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the transition to a new topic. as Jesus was going out of the temple courts and walking away, his disciples came to show him the temple buildings.#sn The Jerusalem temple was widely admired around the world. See Josephus, Ant. 15.11 [15.380-425]; J. W. 5.5 [5.184-227] and Tacitus, History 5.8, who called it “immensely opulent.” Josephus compared it to a beautiful snowcapped mountain. 2 And he said to them,#tn Grk “answering, he said to them.” The participle ἀποκριθείς (ajpokriqei") is redundant in English and has not been translated. “Do you see all these things? I tell you the truth,#tn Grk “Truly (ἀμήν, amhn), I say to you.” not one stone will be left on another.#sn With the statement not one stone will be left on another Jesus predicted the total destruction of the temple, something that did occur in a.d. 70. All will be torn down!”#tn Grk “not one stone will be left here on another which will not be thrown down.”
Signs of the End of the Age
3 As#tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated. he was sitting on the Mount of Olives, his disciples came to him privately and said, “Tell us, when will these things#sn Because the phrase these things is plural, more than the temple’s destruction is in view. The question may presuppose that such a catastrophe signals the end. happen? And what will be the sign of your coming and of the end of the age?” 4 Jesus answered them,#tn Grk “answering, Jesus said to them.” This is somewhat redundant and has been simplified in the translation. “Watch out#tn Or “Be on guard.” that no one misleads you. 5 For many will come in my name, saying, ‘I am the Christ,’#tn Or “Messiah”; both “Christ” (Greek) and “Messiah” (Hebrew and Aramaic) mean “one who has been anointed.”sn See the note on Christ in 1:16. and they will mislead many. 6 You will hear of wars and rumors of wars. Make sure that you are not alarmed, for this must happen, but the end is still to come.#tn Grk “it is not yet the end.” 7 For nation will rise up in arms#tn For the translation “rise up in arms” see L&N 55.2. against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. And there will be famines#sn See Isa 5:13-14; 13:6-16; Hag 2:6-7; Zech 14:4. and earthquakes#tc Most witnesses (C Θ 0102 Ë1,13 Ï) have “and plagues” (καὶ λοιμοί, kai loimoi) between “famines” (λιμοί, limoi) and “earthquakes” (σεισμοί, seismoi), while others have “plagues and famines and earthquakes” (L W 33 pc lat). The similarities between λιμοί and λοιμοί could explain how καὶ λοιμοί might have accidentally dropped out, but since the Lukan parallel has both terms (and W lat have the order λοιμοὶ καὶ λιμοί there too, as they do in Matthew), it seems more likely that scribes added the phrase here. The shorter reading does not enjoy overwhelming support ([א] B D 892 pc, as well as versional witnesses), but it is nevertheless significant; coupled with the internal evidence it should be given preference. in various places. 8 All#tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated. these things are the beginning of birth pains.
Persecution of Disciples
9 “Then they will hand you over to be persecuted and will kill you. You will be hated by all the nations#tn Or “all the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “nations” or “Gentiles”). because of my name.#sn See Matt 5:10-12; 1 Cor 1:25-31. 10 Then many will be led into sin,#tn Or “many will fall away.” This could also refer to apostasy. and they will betray one another and hate one another. 11 And many false prophets will appear and deceive#tn Or “and lead many astray.” many, 12 and because lawlessness will increase so much, the love of many will grow cold. 13 But the person who endures to the end will be saved.#sn But the person who endures to the end will be saved. Jesus was not claiming here that salvation is by works. He was simply arguing that genuine faith evidences itself in persistence through even the worst of trials. 14 And this gospel of the kingdom will be preached throughout the whole inhabited earth as a testimony to all the nations,#tn Or “all the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “nations” or “Gentiles”). and then the end will come.
The Abomination of Desolation
15 “So when you see the abomination of desolation#sn The reference to the abomination of desolation is an allusion to Dan 9:27. Though some have seen the fulfillment of Daniel’s prophecy in the actions of Antiochus IV (or a representative of his) in 167 b.c., the words of Jesus seem to indicate that Antiochus was not the final fulfillment, but that there was (from Jesus’ perspective) still another fulfillment yet to come. Some argue that this was realized in a.d. 70, while others claim that it refers specifically to Antichrist and will not be fully realized until the period of the great tribulation at the end of the age (cf. Mark 13:14, 19, 24; Rev 3:10). – spoken about by Daniel the prophet – standing in the holy place (let the reader understand), 16 then those in Judea must flee#sn Fleeing to the mountains is a key OT image: Gen 19:17; Judg 6:2; Isa 15:5; Jer 16:16; Zech 14:5. to the mountains. 17 The one on the roof#sn On the roof. Most of the roofs in the NT were flat roofs made of pounded dirt, sometimes mixed with lime or stones, supported by heavy wooden beams. They generally had an easy means of access, either a sturdy wooden ladder or stone stairway, sometimes on the outside of the house. must not come down#sn The swiftness and devastation of the judgment will require a swift escape. There will be no time to come down from the roof and pick up anything from inside one’s home. to take anything out of his house, 18 and the one in the field must not turn back to get his cloak. 19 Woe#tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated. to those who are pregnant and to those who are nursing their babies in those days! 20 Pray#tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated. that your flight may not be in winter or on a Sabbath. 21 For then there will be great suffering#tn Traditionally, “great tribulation.” unlike anything that has happened#sn Suffering unlike anything that has happened. Some refer this event to the destruction of Jerusalem in a.d. 70. While the events of a.d. 70 may reflect somewhat the comments Jesus makes here, the reference to the scope and severity of this judgment strongly suggest that much more is in view. Most likely Jesus is referring to the great end-time judgment on Jerusalem in the great tribulation. from the beginning of the world until now, or ever will happen. 22 And if those days had not been cut short, no one would be saved. But for the sake of the elect those days will be cut short. 23 Then if anyone says to you, ‘Look, here is the Christ!’#tn Or “Messiah”; both “Christ” (Greek) and “Messiah” (Hebrew and Aramaic) mean “one who has been anointed.”sn See the note on Christ in 1:16. or ‘There he is!’ do not believe him. 24 For false messiahs#tn Or “false christs”; both “Christ” (Greek) and “Messiah” (Hebrew and Aramaic) mean “one who has been anointed.” and false prophets will appear and perform great signs and wonders to deceive, if possible, even the elect. 25 Remember,#tn Or “Pay attention!” Grk “Behold.” I have told you ahead of time. 26 So then, if someone#tn Grk “they say.” The third person plural is used here as an indefinite and translated “someone” (ExSyn 402). says to you, ‘Look, he is in the wilderness,’#tn Or “in the desert.” do not go out, or ‘Look, he is in the inner rooms,’ do not believe him. 27 For just like the lightning#sn The Son of Man’s coming in power will be sudden and obvious like lightning. No one will need to point it out. comes from the east and flashes to the west, so the coming of the Son of Man will be. 28 Wherever the corpse is, there the vultures#tn The same Greek term can refer to “eagles” or “vultures” (L&N 4.42; BDAG 22 s.v. ἀετός), but in this context it must mean vultures because the gruesome image is one of dead bodies being consumed by scavengers.sn Jesus’ answer is that when the judgment comes, the scenes of death will be obvious and so will the location of the judgment. See also Luke 17:37. will gather.#tn Grk “will be gathered.” The passive construction has been translated as an active one in English.
The Arrival of the Son of Man
29 “Immediately#tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated. after the suffering#tn Traditionally, “tribulation.” of those days, the sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light; the stars will fall from heaven, and the powers of heaven will be shaken.#sn An allusion to Isa 13:10, 34:4 (LXX); Joel 2:10. The heavens were seen as the abode of heavenly forces, so their shaking indicates distress in the spiritual realm. Although some take the powers as a reference to bodies in the heavens (like stars and planets, “the heavenly bodies,” NIV) this is not as likely. 30 Then#tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated. the sign of the Son of Man will appear in heaven,#tn Or “in the sky”; the Greek word οὐρανός (ouranos) may be translated “sky” or “heaven,” depending on the context. and#tn Here τότε (tote, “then”) has not been translated to avoid redundancy in English. all the tribes of the earth will mourn. They#tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated. will see the Son of Man arriving on the clouds of heaven#sn An allusion to Dan 7:13. Here is Jesus returning with full authority to judge. with power and great glory. 31 And he will send his angels with a loud trumpet blast, and they will gather his elect from the four winds, from one end of heaven#tn Or “of the sky”; the Greek word οὐρανός (ouranos) may be translated “sky” or “heaven,” depending on the context. to the other.
The Parable of the Fig Tree
32 “Learn#tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated. this parable from the fig tree: Whenever its branch becomes tender and puts out its leaves, you know that summer is near. 33 So also you, when you see all these things, know#tn The verb γινώσκετε (ginwskete, “know”) can be parsed as either present indicative or present imperative. In this context the imperative fits better, since the movement is from analogy (trees and seasons) to the future (the signs of the coming of the kingdom) and since the emphasis is on preparation for this event. that he is near, right at the door. 34 I tell you the truth,#tn Grk “Truly (ἀμήν, amhn), I say to you.” this generation#sn This is one of the hardest verses in the gospels to interpret. Various views exist for what generation means. (1) Some take it as meaning “race” and thus as an assurance that the Jewish race (nation) will not pass away. But it is very questionable that the Greek term γενεά (genea) can have this meaning. Two other options are possible. (2) Generation might mean “this type of generation” and refer to the generation of wicked humanity. Then the point is that humanity will not perish, because God will redeem it. Or (3) generation may refer to “the generation that sees the signs of the end” (v. 30), who will also see the end itself. In other words, once the movement to the return of Christ starts, all the events connected with it happen very quickly, in rapid succession. will not pass away until all these things take place. 35 Heaven and earth will pass away, but my words will never pass away.#sn The words that Jesus predicts here will never pass away. They are more stable and lasting than creation itself. For this kind of image, see Isa 40:8; 55:10-11.
Be Ready!
36 “But as for that day and hour no one knows it – not even the angels in heaven#tc ‡ Some important witnesses, including early Alexandrian and Western mss (א*,2 B D Θ Ë13 pc it vgmss Irlat Hiermss), have the additional words οὐδὲ ὁ υἱός (oude Jo Juios, “nor the son”) here. Although the shorter reading (which lacks this phrase) is suspect in that it seems to soften the prophetic ignorance of Jesus, the final phrase (“except the Father alone”) already implies this. Further, the parallel in Mark 13:32 has οὐδὲ ὁ υἱός, with almost no witnesses lacking the expression. Hence, it is doubtful that the absence of “neither the Son” is due to the scribes. In keeping with Matthew’s general softening of Mark’s harsh statements throughout his Gospel, it is more likely that the absence of “neither the Son” is part of the original text of Matthew, being an intentional change on the part of the author. Further, this shorter reading is supported by the first corrector of א as well as L W Ë1 33 Ï vg sy co Hiermss. Admittedly, the external evidence is not as impressive for the shorter reading, but it best explains the rise of the other reading (in particular, how does one account for virtually no mss excising οὐδὲ ὁ υἱός at Mark 13:32 if such an absence here is due to scribal alteration? Although scribes were hardly consistent, for such a theologically significant issue at least some consistency would be expected on the part of a few scribes). Nevertheless, NA27 includes οὐδὲ ὁ υἱός here. – except the Father alone. 37 For just like the days of Noah#sn Like the days of Noah, the time of the flood in Gen 6:5-8:22, the judgment will come as a surprise as people live their day to day lives. were, so the coming of the Son of Man will be. 38 For in those days before the flood, people#tn Grk “they,” but in an indefinite sense, “people.” were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, until the day Noah entered the ark. 39 And they knew nothing until the flood came and took them all away.#sn Like the flood that came and took them all away, the coming judgment associated with the Son of Man will condemn many. It will be the same at the coming of the Son of Man.#tn Grk “So also will be the coming of the Son of Man.” 40 Then there will be two men in the field; one will be taken and one left.#sn There is debate among commentators and scholars over the phrase one will be taken and one left about whether one is taken for judgment or for salvation. If the imagery is patterned after the rescue of Noah from the flood, as some suggest, the ones taken are the saved (as Noah was) and those left behind are judged. The imagery, however, is not directly tied to the identification of the two groups. Its primary purpose in context is to picture the sudden, surprising separation of the righteous and the judged (i.e., condemned) at the return of the Son of Man. 41 There will be two women grinding grain with a mill;#tn According to L&N 46.16, this refers to a hand mill normally operated by two women. one will be taken and one left.
42 “Therefore stay alert, because you do not know on what day#tc Most later mss (L 0281 Ï lat) have here ὥρᾳ ({wra, “hour”) instead of ἡμέρα (Jemera, “day”). Although the merits of this reading could be argued either way, in light of the overwhelming and diverse early support for ἡμέρᾳ ({א B C D W Δ Θ Ë13 33 892 1424, as well as several versions and fathers}), the more general term is surely correct. your Lord will come. 43 But understand this: If the owner of the house had known at what time of night the thief#sn On Jesus pictured as a returning thief, see 1 Thess 5:2, 4; 2 Pet 3:10; Rev 3:3; 16:15. was coming, he would have been alert and would not have let his house be broken into. 44 Therefore you also must be ready, because the Son of Man will come at an hour when you do not expect him.#sn Jesus made clear that his coming could not be timed, and suggested it would take some time – so long, in fact, that some will not be looking for him any longer (at an hour when you do not expect him).
The Faithful and Wise Slave
45 “Who then is the faithful and wise slave,#tn See the note on the word “slave” in 8:9. whom the master has put in charge of his household, to give the other slaves#tn Grk “give them.” their food at the proper time? 46 Blessed is that slave whom the master finds at work#tn That is, doing his job, doing what he is supposed to be doing. when he comes. 47 I tell you the truth,#tn Grk “Truly (ἀμήν, amhn), I say to you.” the master#tn Grk “he”; the referent (the master) has been specified in the translation for clarity. will put him in charge of all his possessions. 48 But if#tn In the Greek text this is a third class condition that for all practical purposes is a hypothetical condition (note the translation of the following verb “should say”). that evil slave should say to himself,#tn Grk “should say in his heart.” ‘My master is staying away a long time,’ 49 and he begins to beat his fellow slaves and to eat and drink with drunkards, 50 then the master of that slave will come on a day when he does not expect him and at an hour he does not foresee, 51 and will cut him in two,#tn The verb διχοτομέω (dicotomew) means to cut an object into two parts (L&N 19.19). This is an extremely severe punishment compared to the other two later punishments. To translate it simply as “punish” is too mild. If taken literally this servant is dismembered, although it is possible to view the stated punishment as hyperbole (L&N 38.12). and assign him a place with the hypocrites, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.
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Matthew 24: NET
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Matthew 24
24
The Destruction of the Temple and Signs before the End
(Mark 13.1-23; Luke 21.5-24)
1And Jesus went out, and departed from the temple: and his disciples came to him for to show him the buildings of the temple. 2And Jesus said unto them, See ye not all these things? verily I say unto you, There shall not be left here one stone upon another, that shall not be thrown down.
3And as he sat upon the mount of Olives, the disciples came unto him privately, saying, Tell us, when shall these things be? and what shall be the sign of thy coming, and of the end of the world? 4And Jesus answered and said unto them, Take heed that no man deceive you. 5For many shall come in my name, saying, I am Christ; and shall deceive many. 6And ye shall hear of wars and rumors of wars: see that ye be not troubled: for all these things must come to pass, but the end is not yet. 7For nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom: and there shall be famines, and pestilences, and earthquakes, in divers places. 8All these are the beginning of sorrows.
9 #
Matt 10.22. Then shall they deliver you up to be afflicted, and shall kill you: and ye shall be hated of all nations for my name's sake. 10And then shall many be offended, and shall betray one another, and shall hate one another. 11And many false prophets shall rise, and shall deceive many. 12And because iniquity shall abound, the love of many shall wax cold. 13#Matt 10.22. But he that shall endure unto the end, the same shall be saved. 14And this gospel of the kingdom shall be preached in all the world for a witness unto all nations; and then shall the end come.
15 #
Dan 9.27; 11.31; 12.11. When ye therefore shall see the abomination of desolation, spoken of by Daniel the prophet, stand in the holy place, (whoso readeth, let him understand,) 16then let them which be in Judea flee into the mountains: 17#Luke 17.31. let him which is on the housetop not come down to take any thing out of his house: 18neither let him which is in the field return back to take his clothes. 19And woe unto them that are with child, and to them that give suck in those days! 20But pray ye that your flight be not in the winter, neither on the sabbath day: 21#Dan 12.1; Rev 7.14. for then shall be great tribulation, such as was not since the beginning of the world to this time, no, nor ever shall be. 22And except those days should be shortened, there should no flesh be saved: but for the elect's sake those days shall be shortened. 23Then if any man shall say unto you, Lo, here is Christ, or there; believe it not. 24For there shall arise false Christs, and false prophets, and shall show great signs and wonders; insomuch that, if it were possible, they shall deceive the very elect. 25Behold, I have told you before. 26#Luke 17.23,24. Wherefore if they shall say unto you, Behold, he is in the desert; go not forth: behold, he is in the secret chambers; believe it not. 27For as the lightning cometh out of the east, and shineth even unto the west; so shall also the coming of the Son of man be. 28#Luke 17.37. For wheresoever the carcass is, there will the eagles be gathered together.
The Coming of the Son of Man
(Mark 13.24-31; Luke 21.25-33)
29 #
Isa 13.10; Ezek 32.7; Joel 2.31; Rev 6.12,13. Immediately after the tribulation of those days shall the sun be darkened, and the moon shall not give her light, and the stars shall fall from heaven, and the powers of the heavens shall be shaken: 30#Dan 7.13; Rev 1.7. and then shall appear the sign of the Son of man in heaven: and then shall all the tribes of the earth mourn, and they shall see the Son of man coming in the clouds of heaven with power and great glory. 31And he shall send his angels with a great sound of a trumpet, and they shall gather together his elect from the four winds, from one end of heaven to the other.
32Now learn a parable of the fig tree; When his branch is yet tender, and putteth forth leaves, ye know that summer is nigh: 33so likewise ye, when ye shall see all these things, know that it is near, even at the doors. 34Verily I say unto you, This generation shall not pass, till all these things be fulfilled. 35Heaven and earth shall pass away, but my words shall not pass away.
No Man Knoweth the Day and Hour
(Mark 13.32-37; Luke 17.26-36; 21.34-36)
36But of that day and hour knoweth no man, no, not the angels of heaven, but my Father only. 37#Gen 6.5-8. But as the days of Noah were, so shall also the coming of the Son of man be. 38For as in the days that were before the flood they were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, until the day that Noah entered into the ark, 39#Gen 7.6-24. and knew not until the flood came, and took them all away; so shall also the coming of the Son of man be. 40Then shall two be in the field; the one shall be taken, and the other left. 41Two women shall be grinding at the mill; the one shall be taken, and the other left. 42Watch therefore; for ye know not what hour your Lord doth come. 43#Luke 12.39,40. But know this, that if the goodman of the house had known in what watch the thief would come, he would have watched, and would not have suffered his house to be broken up. 44Therefore be ye also ready: for in such an hour as ye think not the Son of man cometh.
The Unfaithful Servant
(Luke 12.41-48)
45Who then is a faithful and wise servant, whom his lord hath made ruler over his household, to give them meat in due season? 46Blessed is that servant, whom his lord when he cometh shall find so doing. 47Verily I say unto you, That he shall make him ruler over all his goods. 48But and if that evil servant shall say in his heart, My lord delayeth his coming; 49and shall begin to smite his fellow servants, and to eat and drink with the drunken; 50the lord of that servant shall come in a day when he looketh not for him, and in an hour that he is not aware of, 51and shall cut him asunder, and appoint him his portion with the hypocrites: there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth.
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King James Version 1611, spelling, punctuation and text formatting modernized by ABS in 1962; typesetting © 2010 American Bible Society.